Founded in 1959, National Semiconductor has made great strides in the development of early discrete transistors to the most complex components of modern information devices. There are many possibilities for creating adaptations with equal integration from basic standard units and single-chip systems to high-performance, rich-crystal and richly functional sets and connecting technologies of analogue and digital technology, the company real Explores optimal solutions for the living and communication markets across a wide range of virus nomenclature. It is also worth mentioning that the basic elements of analog electronics, developed and produced by National Semiconductor, include integrated operational boosters, which are significantly less popular in Russia, for example, We work with Analog Devices, although in most cases there will be no compromise on the rest at a significantly lower price. Operational boosters (OPA) of National Semiconductor, at low parameters, can be intelligently divided into several families (groups), often this group is manifested in the chip marking system purchased by the company. Tse:
1. Pіdsilyuvači zagalnogo zastosuvannya (General Purpose – LM).
2. High Speed – LMH – frequency of a single boost is greater than 50 MHz.
3. Low power (LP, LPV) – flow rate less than 1.5 mA.
4. Micropower (Micro Power – LP, LPV) – flow rate less than 25 µA.
5. Low Voltage (LMV) – live voltage less than 3 V.
6. Precision – gain coefficient more than 100 dB, offset voltage less than 1 mV.
7. Low Noise - noise voltage less than 10 nVC Hz.
8. High Output Power – output flow is over 100 mA.
9. With input and output voltage, close to the life voltage (IO Rail to Rail).
For all these reasonable reasons, we do not agree that the standard classification will also not always be achieved, the op-amp can be either high-speed, low-noise, with an output voltage close to the life-saving voltage. In addition, microcircuits of the same type are produced in different cases and containers - for commercial applications, for industrial applications, and for special applications, read - military applications, which are subject to low parameters, , beyond the operating temperature range . It should also be noted that in order to master the production of new viruses, the company is constantly engaged in the improvement and development of production earlier, which is clearly visible, for example, on the widely known inexpensive and even popular family of low-power op amps LM321/358/324(Single/Double/Quadruple) with flow rate 0.2 - 0.4 mA per channel. A number of their modifications are available: LP324/LP2902- quad microcurrents with a current of 21 µA, LMV321/358/324 - low voltage, with a voltage of 2.7 to 5.5 V, LPV321/358/324, which are prepared using proprietary BICMOS technology - low-voltage micropressure with 9 µA current, etc.
Having continued our look at the small number of micropower op amps at National Semiconductor, let’s move on to a description of the company’s remaining developments.
Pidsilyuvach LM7301, which is produced in a miniature SOT23-5 package, which occupies 2 times less space than SOIC-8, unipolarly rated in the voltage range from 1.8 to 32 V at a compressed current of 0.6 mA. It has a “super” Rail to Rail input (from -0.25 to +5.25 V at +5 V supply voltage) and Rail to Rail output and is ideally suited for use in all portable equipment, modems, PCMCIA cards of laptops and etc.
Subscribers LMV751 that family LMV821/2/4(single/double/quadruple) suitable for installation in portable RF equipment, laptop PCs, etc. LMV751- this is a precision low-noise op-amp (noise level 6.5 nV/C Hz) with a single amplification frequency of 5 MHz and a low voltage reduction of 1 mV. It produces a unipolar voltage of 2.7 to 5.5 and produces a flow of 0.6 mA. LMV821 At the same time, the live voltage maintains a stream of 0.3 mA per channel, the frequency of a single boost is higher than 6.5 MHz, but there is more noise, the voltage and the displacement of the stream. Single boosters are produced in miniature SOT23-5 packages.
LMV771- low-noise, inexpensive, precision op-amp with an expanded operating temperature range from -40 to +125 ° C. It operates with a unipolar voltage from 2.7 to 5.5 and absorbs a current of 0.6 mA, providing a gain factor of 100 dB at a noise level of 9 nVnV/C Hz. The booster has a low voltage of 0.85 mV, and the same temperature drift is normalized for the entire temperature range of 0.35 µV/°C. Allows a common-mode voltage of 0 V to be supplied to the input. The frequency of a single boost is set to 3.5 MHz. Available in a miniature case SC70-5 measuring 2x2x1 mm.
Series of boosters LM6132-42 Approved for use in battery powered devices. LM6132/4(double/quadruple) - OU with internal correction with unipolar life, in which a miracle of fluidity is achieved in the increase in output voltage to sustained tension. The advantages of the microcircuits are also a wide range of supply voltage from 2.7 to 24 V, Rail to Rail input and output and a high coefficient of suppression of common-mode signals. With a single boost frequency of 10 MHz, the current supply is only 360 µA, making this op-amp ideal for portable devices such as power tools, radio receivers and transmissions, display drivers, etc. LM6142/4- similar LM6132/4, but operates in a wide range of voltages from 1.8 V to 24 V, with a higher voltage of 108 dB and a common-mode suppression coefficient of 107 dB, the frequency of a single gain becomes 17 MHz at str. and lifespan 650 µA. Available in SOIC and MDIP housings, as well as CDIP housings with an operating temperature range of -55 to 125 °C.
Tsikavy super-low-voltage op-amps LMV931/2/4(single/double/quadruple), which operate at a supply voltage of 1.5 to 5.5 V, oriented towards installation in devices with a supply of one Li-Ion element. Due to the availability of miniature cases, op-amps can be easily installed on mobile phones and computer boards. The boosters provide Rail to Rail input and output, a small flow rate of 100 µA channel and provide a single amplification frequency of 1.4 MHz. The gain coefficient at zero frequency without feedback is 101 dB. Corigated for stable operation for any gain factor, as well as with respect to voltage up to 1000 pF. Use in a temperature range from -40 to +125 °C. Single op-amps are produced in miniature SC70-5 and SOT23-5 packages, double ones - in MSOP-8 and SOIC-8 packages, and double - in TSSOP-14 and SOIC-14 packages.
Sub-series LMC, Manufactured using CMOS technology, also falls into the category of low-power micro-pressure. Its characteristic feature is the extremely small input streams and, obviously, the work in electrometric devices, devices for vibrating current streams, various scientific equipment, etc. For example, for a precision booster LMC6001 The typical value of the input stream is 25 fA (f - femto 10-15). A notable technique is that the company is using it for testing carefully prepared additives - 3 times after sleep in Pershu Khvilina; If you decide to show the input flow greater than or below 25 fA, reject it. This booster has a very low noise level of 25 nV/C Hz. Protects against electrostatic potential up to 2000 V. Available with MDIP housing.
The nomenclature of the power supply series LMC is quite wide. Low effort strength LMC6022/4(double/quadruple) are powered by the proprietary Double-Poly Silicon-Gate technological process and can operate at single- and bipolar currents up to 15 V. They produce Rail to Rail output and low power consumption of 40 µA per channel. Larger speed boosters with Rail to Rail output LMC6032/4 Behind the very low price comes an even high gain factor of 126 dB. With a flow rate of 0.4 mA, the frequency of a single boost becomes 1.4 MHz, the rate of rise of the output voltage is 1.1 V/µs. Low-voltage op-amp LMC6035/6 The Rail to Rail output can be operated with a unipolar supply voltage of 2.7 V (for example, with 3 NiCd batteries), making them even more suitable for portable systems with autonomous supply. In other respects the parameters are similar to LMC6022/4. The boosters are produced in different cases.
Micropressure boosters LMC6041/2/4 With a flow rate of 14 µA per channel, a record low input flow of 2 fA is possible, Rail to Rail output and can be operated with a unipolar input voltage of 4.5 to 15.5, ensuring an output flow of up to 21 mA. They work miraculously in life control systems, vibration detectors, and various scientific equipment.
Similar energy parameters can be found in precision boosters LMC6061/2/4 However, the low bias voltage of 100 μV and the high gain coefficient of 140 dB are ideally suited for use in instrumental power plants with autonomous living conditions, medical and scientific equipment. Please note that the single (LMC6061) and dual (LMC6062) series are available in CDIP housings, with an operating temperature range of -55 - +125 °C.
Larger Swiss precision OUs LMC6081/2/4 at a single boost frequency of 1.3 MHz and a speed of output voltage rise of 1.5 V/µs, it is possible to produce a unipolar voltage supply from 4.5 to 16 V, 0.45 mA. The smell also has a high amplification factor of 130 dB and a low bias voltage of 150 µV. The boosters are produced in SOIC and MDIP packages.
Malopotuzhni OU LMC6482/4(double/quadruple) - typical in its class with Rail to Rail input and output. Operate in a voltage range of 3 to 15 V, maintain a current of 0.5 mA per channel and provide an output current of up to 30 mA. Intended for use in various equipment with low energy consumption. At this time a single op-amp is released LMC7101 the SOT-23 case has parameters similar to LMC6482, this is a more comprehensive option LMC8101 in microSMD and miniSOIC cases. The remaining mode is Shutdown with an on-hour of 10 µs, the flow rate of which does not exceed 1 µA.
LMC6462/4- micropressure version LMC6482/4 from the stream the increase is 0.02 mA. A single op-amp is released at this time LMC7111 the SOT-23-5 case has parameters similar to those of the LMC6462.
Subscribers LMC6492/4(double/quadruple) with an expanded temperature range of -55 to +125 °C for use in automotive electronics. Their parameters are basically the same as those LMC6482/4. Available at SOIC housing.
Subscribers LMC6572/4(double/quadruple), designed for operation in digital devices with low voltage and ensure support for even high parameters - input stream 20 fA and gain factor 120 dB with an energy consumption of 40 µA per channel and live and the output is 2.7 V. Rail to Rail outputs are produced in MSOP housings.
The final section of the low-voltage boosters is considered economical with a flow rate of less than 1 µA per op-amp dual channel LMC6442. There are calculations for devices with a power factor of more than 2 (less than -1) and applications for use in a wide class of equipment with low energy consumption - mobile phones and pagers, control sensors, scientific devices, etc. Prices for unipolar supply from 1.8 to 11 V. Available in MSOP-8 and other packages.
At a glance, the merit goes to the double operational supporter LM833 Specially designed for high-quality audio equipment. It has an extremely wide dynamic range - over 140 dB with a noise level of 4.5 nV/C Hz and a low nonlinear variation of 0.002%. It enhances the compression ratio for any enhancement factor and is ideal for all Hi-Fi – Hi-End equipment. Available in 8-way SOIC and MDIP packages.
Let's move on to take a look at National Semiconductor's high-voltage op-amps. It must be said that in their development this production company has achieved very high results, and due to its richness of parameters it surpasses similar plants of other producers. It is significant that two types of voltage booster operations are currently underway - a series of op-amps based on traditional circuit design with voltage gates Voltage Feedback Amplifiers (VFA), widely interact with the input cascades - supporting the flow with mutual connections . These boosters came up with the name “Current Feedback Amplifiers (CFA)”. The main transmission parameter of such boosters is the coefficient, which is the size of the Transimpedance support, and the stagnation area is all impulse boosters and video boosters, for which the giant input support There are no requirements for traditional op-amps, and the maximum speed of output voltage rise and the frequency of a single gain, value, come to the fore. For CFA, it is important to change the additional parameters of VFA.
We need to use an op-amp to use the primary VFA circuitry. Family LMH6645/6/7(single/double/single with blocking) - low-voltage, low-voltage, rail-to-rail swing-coding with 650 µA per channel. In the blocking mode (LMH6647), the flow rate is reduced to 50 µA. Single boost frequency is 55 MHz, output voltage rise rate is 22 V/µs, typical output voltage is 20 mA. These are typical in their class daily boosters, suitable for use in many electronic devices.
Subscribers LM6152/4, what to continue with the series LM6132-42, suitable for use in battery-powered devices. With a compressed flow of 1.4 mA, the frequency of a single boost becomes 75 MHz, and the speed of output voltage rise is 30 V/µs
Other parameters of the op amp LMH6642-55- extremely inexpensive high-speed rail to rail operating aids with excellent performance/relaxed tension. Work with one bipolar life in a range of up to 12 Art.
Subscribers LMH6642/3/4(Single/Double/Quadruple) - these are daily automatic switching amps with parameters typical for their class. Stream gain 2.7 mA per channel, single boost frequency 130 MHz, output voltage slew rate 130 V/µs, typical output stream value 115 mA. Short installation time of the output voltage and low voltage, effective short-circuit protection, Rail to Rail input and output and balancing devices are installed with optimal microcircuits for use in many modern electronic devices. Available in SOIC, miniSOIC and SOT-23 packages. You can use it as a replacement LM6152/4.
Wide-range (190 MHz, 170 V/µs) Rail to Rail booster with unipolar LMH6639 building provides an output stream of 190 mA. Є Shutdown mode with an on-time of 85 ns, in which the voltage drops to 400 µA. Together with a short setting time of the output voltage of 33 ns, this booster is ideally suited for operation in multiplexing devices, such as a buffer booster, CD ROM drive devices, etc.
The Swedish double power unit deserves respect LMH6672 with a maximum output flow of 600 mA. A booster for a gain factor of 2 or more, ensuring a throughput of 130 MHz and a rapidity of output voltage rise of 160 V/µs. The operating voltage range is 5 to 12 V, the output voltage is 6.2 mA per channel. The op-amp has a low level of noise and is not balanced properly. Available in SOIC, PSOP and LLP packages. Used for vikorstan as a backbone booster, as well as in modems and similar devices. Can be used to replace LM6181/2, LM7171 and LM7372.
Subscribers LMH6654/5(single/double) more wide-skinned. Stream life is 4.5 mA per channel, single boost frequency is 250 MHz, output voltage slew rate is 200 V/µs, typical output stream value is 180 mA. They have a low input noise level of 4.5 nV and 1.7 pA, a low output voltage setting time of 25 ns, which can occur in various devices. Available in SOIC-8 packages, as well as SOT23-5 (LMH6654) and MSOP-8 (LMH6655).
Subscribers LMH6657/8і LMH6682/3- Inexpensive over-the-air op-amps with unipolar voltages from 3 to 12 V. Produced using proprietary technology VIPTM10. Manual for installation in video signal processing devices and CD/DVD servos, as they require a short installation time and do not allow phase inversion of the output voltage when the permissible values of the input voltage are exceeded (LMH6682/3), which allows simplify the circuit design of such devices.
Subscribers LMH6657/8(single/double) are configured for operation with a single gain factor, ensuring a bandwidth of 270 MHz and a rapid rise of the output voltage of 700 V/µs. Live stream 6.2 mA per channel, output stream +80/-90 mA.
Subscribers LMH6682/3(double/wake), ensure a rapid output voltage rise of 940 V/µs with a smooth bandwidth of 190 MHz. It should be noted that these boosters have even small coefficients of differentiation such as “differential phase” - 0.08% and “differential gain” - 0.01 dB, which is important for high-quality video technology iki. Available in different cases.
For operation in various video devices, a high-speed output voltage rise of more than 1000 V/µs is required. The LM series has this LM6171/2і LM6181/2(single/double), produced using proprietary technology VIPTM11. The first of them is based on VFA circuitry and will provide, at a compressed current of only 2.5 mA, an output voltage rise rate of 3600 V/µs at a single boost frequency of 100 MHz. LM6181/2 following the circuit design with a CFA flow collar and will provide an output voltage of +10 with a voltage support of 100 Ohms. The output voltage rise rate should be set to 2000 V/µs for a single boost frequency of 100 MHz. Descriptions are subject to the fact that it is in the category “with a tight output” - High Output - the maximum value of the output stream reaches 130 mA, it may be even less consistent with the type of “differential strengthening” and “differential phase” and can Find out the status of video equipment of NTSC and PAL standards , High-pass filters, etc. Stinks are also emitted from SOIC and MDIP housings.
Pidsilyuvach LMH6609 applications for vikoristanya in analog converters and filters. At a single boost frequency of 900 MHz and an output voltage rise rate of 1400 V/µs, the VIN operates as a unipolar power supply with a voltage of 10 V and 7 mA. Supporting the surface compression, there is a very low noise level of 3.1 nV/C Hz and a high output current of 90 mA. Available in 8-pin SOIC and 5-pin SOT.
Even the low level of noise and high operating frequencies oscillate LMH6622-28. LMH6624 this parameter is set to 0.92 nV/C Hz and 2.3 pA/C Hz, and the single power frequency is 1500 MHz. Increasing the reduction of viscosity in devices with a transmission coefficient of 10 or more and for use in connection with equipment and medical equipment. Small noises and noises are typical for a double wide-skinned understrength LMH6628, For which the input level of the 2nd/3rd harmonics at a frequency of 10 MHz becomes -65/-74 dB consistently, and the hour of setting the output voltage with an accuracy of 0.1% is 12 ns. This power is indispensable in the development of high-speed analog converters and input-output devices.
For use in portable video equipment and PC video cards for purposes of support LM7121, which is available in the SOT23-5 housing. The parameters of the booster are very high: the frequency of a single boost is 175 MHz, the speed of output voltage rise is 1300 V/µs. It can be used both with unipolar +5V supply and bipolar supply in the range of +5 to +15 Art.
Record-breaking parameters are observed in all operational boosters. LM7171(alone) that LM7372(doubling). Vikonani behind the circuitry with the gate coupling for the voltage, the parameters change, the power boosters with the struma gate coupling - the output voltage rise speed is 4100 V/µs, the frequency of a single boost is 200 MHz, Output 100 mA (LM7171) and 3000 V/ m 150 mA is available for LM7372 with a compressed flow of 6.5 mA per channel. They are adjusted for a power factor greater than 2. The minimum possible “differential power phase” is 0.01% and 0.02o, which makes them ideally suited for installation of video equipment, cable and optical line equipment, radio and television systems word of mouth Available in various types of housings.
Series of nadshvidkisnyh OUs LMH67xx Vikonana with a proprietary technological process VIPTM10 with a circuit design with a struma gate connection CFA and is intended for use in wide-range radio and television systems. Let's take a look at these microcircuits LMH6702- low-noise (noise voltage, induced to the input 1.83 nV) op-amp with a record low level of harmonic (-100 dB at a frequency of 5 MHz) and intermodulation noise, a low bandwidth of 720 MHz and a fast rise in output voltage gi 3100 V/µs. Such high parameters guide the use of the LMH6702 in systems with high levels of separation and control and monitoring equipment. Available in SOIC and SOT-23 packages.
Family of silyuvachs LMH6714/15/20/22(single/double/blocked/quadruple) with a maximum bandwidth of 400 MHz at a gain factor of 2 and an output voltage rise rate of 1800 V/µs at a compressed flow of 5.6 mA, mainly for Vikoristannya in video systems. The high-impedance output stage of the LMH6720 booster, which is bridged in 7 ns by TTL, is ideal for multiplexing multiple high-speed signals onto a remote transmission line. The fourth booster LMH6722 can effectively compete with multi-channel amplifiers and high-order active filters. Available in different cases.
Power supply with unipolar voltage from 4.5 to 12 V LMH6723 provides high efficiency (1 mA flow rate) with a wide bandwidth of 370 MHz, high output voltage slew rate of 600 V/μs and a large output flow of 110 mA, so it is not necessary to It is also suitable for portable video devices and all types of converters with stand-alone living conditions, mainline CD-DVDs players too. Available in SOIC and SOT23 packages.
Finally divided, we take a look at the wide-skinned OU LMH6732 with adjustable bandwidth from 0 to 1.5 GHz. By changing the support of one external resistor, you can vary the flow, so that the flow is 10 times lower, and you can also switch the microcircuit to the working mode with a flow of 1 µA. The parameters of the microcircuits are unique for all values of the compressed current: range of frequencies 55 MHz, speed of output voltage 400 V/µs, output current 9 mA with compressed flow 1 mA and 540 MHz, 27 00 V/μs and 115 mA are valid at low speed. The power supply works with one bipolar power supply ranging from 9 to 12 V. The range of power supply systems is extremely wide – video equipment, battery-powered systems, switching devices, etc. It is significant that to speed up the design of structures with LMH6732 National Semiconductor is offering a new demonstration board.
Thus, the range of integral operational boosters of National Semiconductor is wide and there is little risk of making them even more suitable for a wide range of REA Russia distributors. More detailed technical information can be found on the company's website http://www.national.com.
| Vikonannya | Frame | Temperature range | Voltage range | Live streams per channel | Exit room | Type of entrance and exit | Inlet stream | Displacement voltage | Temperature coefficient of voltage reduction | Strengthening coefficient | Common mode rejection ratio | Coefficient of life instability | Frequency of a single attack. | The speed of growth. | Noise voltage | ||||
| Supply Voltage | I quies | I out | In - Out | I bias | U offset | Drift | A vo | CMRR | PSRR | B.W. | S.R. | e noise | |||||||
| Single | Doble | Quad | Package | U | mA | mA | R to R | on | mV | µV/C | dB | dB | dB | MHz | V/μs | nV/D Hz | |||
| xv | Max | Max | Max | type | type | Max | type | type | type | type | type | type | type | ||||||
| LP324 | SO, TSSOP, MDIP | C | ±1.5; +3.0 | ±16.0; +32 | 0,021 | 4,0 | Out | 2,0 | 2,0 | 9,0 | - | 100 | 90 | 90 | 0,10 | 0,05 | 80 | ||
| LP2902 | SO, MDIP | I | ±1.5; +3.0 | ±13.0; +26 | 0,021 | 4,0 | Out | 2,0 | 2,0 | 10 | - | 97 | 90 | 90 | 0,10 | 0,05 | 80 | ||
| LMV321 | LMV358 | LMV324 | SO, MSO, TSSOP, SC-70, SO-23 | I | +2,7 | +5,5 | 0,13 | 60 | Out | 11 | 1,7 | 7,0 | 5,0 | 100 | 65 | 60 | 1,0 | 1,0 | 39 |
| LPV321 | LPV358 | LPV324 | SO, MSO, TSSOP, SC-70, SO-23 | I | +2,7 | +5,0 | 0,0090 | 17 | Out | 1,7 | 1,2 | 7,0 | 2,0 | 100 | 70 | 65 | 0,15 | 0,10 | - |
| LM7301 | SO, SOT-23 | I | ±0.9; +1.8 | ±16; +32 | 0,6 | 9,5 | In and Out | 90 | 0,03 | 6,0 | 2,0 | 97 | 90 | 104 | 4,0 | 1,25 | 36 | ||
| LMV821 | LMV822 | LMV824 | SO, MSO, TSSOP, SC-70, SO-23 | Ext I | +2,5 | +5,5 | 0,30 | 40 | Out | 30 | 1,0 | 3,5 | 1,0 | 100 | 85 | 85 | 6,5 | 2,0 | 24 |
| LMV931 | LMV932 | LMV934 | SO, MSO, TSSOP, SC-70, SO-23 | Ext I | +1,5 | +5,5 | 0,16 | 75 | In and Out | 15 | 1,0 | 6,0 | 2,0 | 100 | 78 | 100 | 1,0 | 0,45 | 45 |
| LMV771 | SC-70 | Ext I | ±1.5; +2.5 | ±3.0; +6.0 | 0,60 | 66 | Out | 0,000100 | 0,3 | 1,0 | 0,35 | 100 | 90 | 90 | 3,5 | 1,4 | 9,0 | ||
| LMV751 | SOT-23 | I | +2,7 | +5,5 | 0,60 | 15 | Out | 0,001500 | 0,05 | 1,0 | - | 120 | 100 | 107 | 5,0 | 2,3 | 6,5 | ||
| LMC6001 | MDIP | I | ±2.3; +4.5 | ±7.7; +16 | 0,45 | 21 | Out | 0,000010 | 0,35 | 1,00 | 2,5 | 123 | 83 | 83 | 1,3 | 1,5 | 22 | ||
| LMC6022 | LMC6024 | SO | I | ±2.3; +4.5 | ±8.0; +16 | 0,04 | 40 | Out | 0,000040 | 1,0 | 9,0 | 2,5 | 120 | 83 | 83 | 0,35 | 0,11 | 42 | |
| LMC6032 | LMC6034 | SO, MDIP | I | ±2.3; +4.5 | ±8.0; +16 | 0,38 | 40 | Out | 0,000040 | 1,0 | 9,0 | 2,3 | 126 | 83 | 83 | 1,4 | 1,1 | 22 | |
| LMC6035 | LMC6036 | SO, TSSOP | I | +2,7 | +16 | 0,40 | 5,0 | Out | 0,000020 | 0,50 | 5,0 | 2,3 | 126 | 96 | 93 | 1,4 | 1,5 | 27 | |
| LMC6041 | LMC6042 | LMC6044 | SO, MDIP | I | +4,5 | +16 | 0,014 | 21 | Out | 0,000002 | 3,0 | 6,0 | 1,3 | 120 | 75 | 75 | 0,075 | 0,020 | 83 |
| LMC6061 | LMC6062 | LMC6064 | SO, CDIP | I, M | +4,5 | +16 | 0,020 | 21 | Out | 0,000010 | 0,35 | 0,80 | 1,0 | 132 | 85 | 85 | 0,10 | 0,035 | 83 |
| LMC6081 | LMC6082 | LMC6084 | SO, MDIP | I | +4,5 | +16 | 0,45 | 21 | Out | 0,000010 | 0,35 | 0,80 | 1,0 | 124 | 85 | 85 | 1,3 | 1,5 | 22 |
| LMC6442 | SO, MSO, MDIP | I | +1,8 | +11 | 0,0010 | 0,90 | Out | 0,000005 | 3,0 | 7,0 | 0,4 | 103 | 92 | 95 | 0,010 | 0,0040 | - | ||
| LMC6462 | LMC6464 | SO, MSO, CDIP | I, M | +3,0 | +15 | 0,020 | 27 | Out | 0,000015 | 0,50 | 1,5 | 1,5 | 124 | 85 | 85 | 0,050 | 0,015 | 80 | |
| LMC7111 | SOT-23, MDIP | I | +2,7 | +11 | 0,025 | 7,0 | In and Out | 0,000100 | 3,0 | 7,0 | 2,0 | 112 | 85 | 85 | 0,050 | 0,027 | - | ||
| LMC6482 | LMC6484 | SO, MSO, CDIP | I, M | +3,0 | +15 | 0,50 | 30 | In and Out | 0,000020 | 0,75 | 3,0 | 1,0 | 116 | 82 | 82 | 1,5 | 1,3 | 37 | |
| LMC7101 | SOT-23 | I | +2,7 | +15 | 0,50 | 24 | In and Out | 0,001000 | 3,0 | 7,0 | 1,0 | 110 | 75 | 80 | 1,1 | 1,1 | 37 | ||
| LMC8101 | MSMD, MSOP | I | +2,7 | +10 | 0,70 | 49 | In and Out | 0,001000 | 0,70 | 5,0 | 4,0 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 1,0 | 1,0 | 22 | ||
| LMC6492 | LMC6494 | SO | I | +5,0 | +15 | 0,50 | 22 | In and Out | 0,000150 | 3,0 | 6,0 | 1,0 | 110 | 82 | 82 | 1,5 | 1,3 | 37 | |
| LMC6572 | LMC6574 | SO | I | +2,7 | +10 | 0,038 | 6,0 | Out | 0,000020 | 3,0 | 7,0 | 1,5 | 120 | 75 | 75 | 0,22 | 0,09 | 36 | |
| LM833 | SO, MDIP | C | ±4.5 | ±18 | 2,5 | 40 | No | 500 | 0,30 | 5,0 | - | 110 | 100 | 100 | 15 | 7,0 | 4,5 | ||
| LM6132 | LM6134 | SO, MDIP | I | +1,8 | +24 | 0,5 | 4,3 | In and Out | 110 | 2,0 | 6,0 | 5,0 | 100 | 100 | 82 | 10 | 14 | 27 | |
| LM6142 | LM6144 | SO, MDIP | I | +1,8 | +24 | 0,8 | 6,2 | In and Out | 180 | 1,0 | 2,5 | 3,0 | 108 | 107 | 87 | 17 | 25 | 16 | |
| LMH6645/7 | LMH6646 | SO, SOT-23 | I | ±2.5; +3.0 | ±6.0; +12 | 0,70 | 20 | In and Out | 360 | 1,0 | 4,0 | 5,0 | 87 | 77 | 83 | 55 | 22 | 17 | |
| LM6152 | LM6154 | SO, MDIP | I | +2,7 | +24 | 2,0 | 8,0 | In and Out | 500 | 2,0 | 5,0 | 10 | 107 | 84 | 91 | 75 | 30 | 9,0 | |
| LMH6622 | SO, MSO | I | ±2.5 | ±6.3 | 4,3 | 90 | No | 4700 | 0,20 | 1,2 | 2,5 | 83 | 100 | 95 | 160 | 80 | 1,6 | ||
| LM6171 | LM6172 | SO, MDIP | I | ±5; +2.7 | ±16; +18 | 4,0 | 135 | No | 1000 | 3,0 | 6,0 | 6,0 | 99 | 110 | 95 | 100 | 3600 | - | |
| LM6181 | LM6182 | SO, MDIP | I | ±3.5 | ±16 | 7,5 | 130 | No | 2000 | 2,0 | 4,0 | 5,0 | - | 60 | 80 | 100 | 1400 | 4,0 | |
| LM7121 | SO, SOT-23 | I | ±5; +2.7 | ±18; +15 | 4,8 | 52 | No | 5200 | 0,90 | 8,0 | - | 72 | 93 | 70 | 175 | 1300 | 17 | ||
| LM7171 | SO, MDIP, CDIP | I, M | ±2.7 | ±18 | 6,5 | 100 | No | 2700 | 1,0 | 3,0 | 35 | 81 | 105 | 90 | 200 | 4100 | 14 | ||
| LM7372 | LLP, SO, PSOP | I | ±4.5 | ±18 | 6,5 | 150 | No | 2700 | 8,0 | 10 | 12 | 80 | 93 | 90 | 120 | 3000 | 14 | ||
| LMH6609 | SO, SOT-23 | I | ±3.0 | ±6.3 | 7,0 | 90 | No | 2000 | 0,8 | 3,5 | - | - | 73 | 73 | 180 | 1400 | 3,1 | ||
| LMH6624 | LMH6626 | SO, MSO, CDIP, SOT-23 | I, Ext I | ±2.5; +5.0 | ±6.0; +12 | 15 | 100 | No | 50 | 0,25 | 0,95 | 0,25 | 79 | 90 | 90 | 1500 | 350 | 0,92 | |
| LMH6628 | SO, MSO, CDIP, CPACK | I | ±2.5 | ±6.0 | 9,0 | 85 | No | 300 | 2,0 | 5,0 | 5,0 | 63 | 62 | 70 | 300 | 550 | 2,0 | ||
| LMH6639 | SO, MSO | I | ±2.5; +3.0 | ±6.0; +12 | 3,6 | 160 | Out | 1000 | 1,0 | 7,0 | 8,0 | 100 | 93 | 96 | 190 | 170 | 6,0 | ||
| LMH6642 | LMH6643 | LMH6644 | SO, SOT-23 | I | ±2.5; +3.0 | ±6.0; +12 | 2,7 | 115 | Out | 1500 | 1,0 | 7,0 | 5,0 | 80 | 72 | 75 | 130 | 130 | 17 |
| LMH6654 | LMH6655 | SO, SOT-23 | I | ±2.5; +3.0 | ±6.0; +12 | 4,5 | 180 | No | 5000 | 1,0 | 4,0 | 6,0 | 67 | 90 | 76 | 250 | 200 | 4,5 | |
| LMH6657 | LMH6658 | SO, MSO, SC-70, SOT-23 | I | ±2.5; +3.0 | ±6.0; +12 | 6,0 | 45 | No | 5000 | 1,1 | 7,0 | 2,0 | 85 | 82 | 82 | 270 | 700 | 11 | |
| LMH6672 | SO, PSOP, LLP | I | ±2.5 | ±6.5 | 6,2 | 600 | No | 8000 | 0,2 | 4,0 | - | 68 | 100 | 78 | 200 | 170 | 4,5 | ||
| LMH6682 | LMH6683* | SO, MSO, TSSOP | I | ±2.5; +3.0 | ±6.0; +12 | 6,5 | 80 | No | 5000 | 1,1 | 7,0 | 2,0 | 85 | 82 | 76 | 190 | 940 | 12 | |
| LMH6702 | SO, SOT-23 | I | ±5.0 | ±6.0 | 12 | 80 | No | 6000 | 1,0 | 6,0 | 13 | - | 52 | 48 | 720 | 3100 | 1,8 | ||
| LMH6714/20 | LMH6722 | SO, SOT-23 | I | ±5.0 | ±6.0 | 5,6 | 70 | No | 1000 | 0,2 | 6,0 | 8,0 | - | 58 | 54 | 400 | 1800 | 3,4 | |
| LMH6715 | SO, CDIP | I | ±5.0 | ±6.0 | 5,0 | 70 | No | 5000 | 2,0 | 8,0 | 30 | - | 60 | 56 | 480 | 1300 | 3,4 | ||
| LMH6723 | SO, SOT-23 | I | +4,5 | +12 | 1,0 | 110 | No | 400 | 1,0 | 3,5 | - | - | 64 | 60 | 370 | 600 | 4,3 | ||
| LMH6732 | SO, SOT-23 | I | ±4.5 | ±6.0 | 9,0 | 115 | No | 2000 | 3,0 | 8,0 | 16 | - | 62 | 52 | 540 | 2700 | 2,5 | ||
The National Semiconductor company, founded in 1959, has gone through a great journey from the development of the first discrete transistors to the most complex modern microelectronic devices. One of the priority areas of activity of the company throughout its entire history has been the development of integral operational support units (OU).
In 1968, engineers at National Semiconductor created the world's first two-stage operational booster, the LM101, which was used directly in a variety of analog electronic devices. National Semiconductor's current operational boosters match and, due to their richness of parameters, surpass the light level of devices in this class, at which prices are significantly lower than those of other companies, Thus, manufacturers successfully operate a wide variety of electronic equipment.
Most modern integral operational boosters are based on a direct amplification circuit with differential inputs and are designed on a symmetrical bipolar circuit (although more and more often it is unipolar). In addition to the two inputs, output and life outputs, the operational booster can make adjustments for balancing, correction, programming (setting the parameters by the size of the core) and others.
Ideally, an operating booster is responsible for an infinitely large voltage amplification factor, an infinitely large input and an infinitely small output support, an infinitely large amplitude of the output signal, an infinitely large An extremely large range of frequencies that are amplified, and a lot of noise. The parameters of operating boosters are not to blame for external factors such as life stress and temperature. With the attention of these minds, the transmitted characteristics of the operational booster, covered with a negative collateral ligament (NVO), exactly correspond to the transmitting characteristics of the Lancug NOS and do not lie in the parameters of the booster.
Real operational characteristics vary from the ideal ones, which drive their universal classification. A real operational booster is a compromise of mutually exclusive benefits based on one or more parameters, which may include: minimization of displacement voltage and input flows, the maximum range of frequencies that are amplified, and the speed of increase in output voltage, the change in compressed flow and life voltage other The parameters of the operational booster can be divided into several groups - input, output, boost, frequency, energy, noise, etc. The order of the operating parameters that indicate the nominal temperature regime of the operating booster robot, the permissible parameters of the input and output lancets and the maximum possible values for a number of parameters, Such puppies are not allowed. Nowadays, a simple (albeit not very strict) classification of operational boosters according to various parameters has been formed, which reflects their importance than the choice of devices in any other class. It is also significant that the parameters of the operational boosters are significantly determined by their circuitry and conductor technology.
The National Semiconductor company has developed a new classification of operational boosters, which often occurs in the first two or three brands of microcircuits produced by the company:
- Gas boosters (General Purpose – LM, LMC) – amplification factor up to 100 dB, offset voltage more than 1 mV, single amplification frequency up to 10 MHz.
- Low power (LP, LPV) – flow rate less than 1.5 mA.
- Micropower (Micro Power – LP, LPV) – flow rate less than 25 µA.
- Low Voltage (LMV) – live voltage less than 3 V.
- Precision (LMP) – gain coefficient more than 100 dB, offset voltage less than 1 mV.
- High Speed (LMH) – frequency of a single boost is greater than 50 MHz.
- Low Noise - noise voltage less than 10 nV/Hz 1/2.
- High Output Power – output flow is over 100 mA.
- With output and input voltage, close to the life voltage (Rail to Rail Output/Input).
In Rail to Rail boosters, the maximum and minimum amplitude of the output voltage is practically consistent with the corresponding values of the live voltage, and the permissible values of the common-mode input voltage or can do not go beyond the limits of life stress. It remains a problem, for example, in boosters with unipolar life with the possibility of supplying negative voltage to the input.
As has already been said above, these reasonable reasons are not strict, the standard classification is also not always achieved, the operating booster can be simultaneously low-voltage, low-voltage, low-noise, with no visible voltage , close to the stress of life, then. Operational boosters of the same type are produced in separate cases, as well as two, three or even boosters in one case (multi-channel) and, in general, in Vikonanny, intended for commercial (Commercial - C), industrial (Industrial - I, E) and іyskovy zastosuvannya (Military - M), which varies depending on a number of parameters, temperature, operating temperature range (C: 0...+70 °C; I: –40...+85 °C; E: –40... +125 °C;
It also means that in order to master the production of new germs, the company is constantly engaged in the improvement and development of operational boosters that were produced previously, which is clearly visible, for example, at a widely available inexpensive and the already popular family of light-duty operating boosters with unipolar supplies (Single Supply) LM124 / 224/324/2902 and flow rate 0.2–0.4 mA per channel. A number of modifications are available: LP324/LP2902 - micro-pressure with 21 µA current, LMV324 - low-voltage, with live voltage 2.7 to 5.5 V, LPV324 - micro-pressure low-voltage with the flow of 9 µA, other preparations.
It is also significant that for current operations of power boosters, as well as for other integrated circuits, there is a trend towards changing dimensions and an increasingly wide range of surface-mounted packages. Widely widened former DIP and TSSOP packages are replaced by significantly smaller SOIC, SOT-23 and SC-70 (the remaining dimensions are 2x2x1 mm); A number of microcircuits for surface mounting are produced in especially small-sized microSMD packages with dimensions of 1.285x1.285x0.85 mm or less.
The previous article looked at National Semiconductor's high-speed operating subsystems. Here we discuss other types of operational boosters released by the company in recent years. Let us take a closer look at the boosters, the main parameters of which under life stress 5 are shown in Table 1 and represent the operational boosters of the gas station.
Table 1. Main parameters of current operational boosters of gas stagnation National Semiconductor
Surgical boosters of gastrointestinal stasis
As can be seen from Table 1, most of these boosters are low-voltage and low-micropower in miniature housings, which reflects current trends in the design of electronic equipment.
The LMV341/2/4 family of operational boosters is designed for use in portable equipment with autonomous living conditions. Operational boosters have even higher parameters for input flow and noise. In the Shutdown mode, the flow rate changes to a typical value of only 45 pA, and the hour to switch to operating mode does not exceed 5 μs. The boosters are produced in various cases, including the SC70-6L, which are suitable for placement on the motherboards of personal computers and laptops. It is significant that these benefits include a wide temperature range (up to 125 °C).
A characteristic feature of the families of operating boosters LMV931/2/4 and LMV981/2 (with Shutdown mode) is a very low minimum voltage of 1.8 V, due to which the company is positioned for storage in equipment to live on one Li -Ion galvanic element, as well as for life control systems. The features of these boosters are also the input and output of Rail to Rail and an even high (101 dB) amplification factor with an equally low level of noise, which makes it possible to vikorize these operations and assistance in audio equipment with low-voltage devices.
Families of operating boosters LMV321/358/324 and LPV321/358/354 (low-voltage and microvoltage version of the popular super-popular operating boosters of the LM series), as well as Vachі LM2904/02 in miniature microSMD and LP2 housings with daily operating aids for advanced installation and can be used in a wide range class of devices. It is significant that LM2904/02 and LP2902 can operate with single or bipolar power supply with a range of 3 to 32 V.
The operational booster LMV301 is a CMOS version of the LMV321. It is characterized by a small input stream and low minimum voltage boost in the miniature SC70 housing and can be used in selection-saving devices, boost and signals from photo sensors and other battery-powered devices.
The operational boosters of the LMV821/22/24 family are driven by high speed (single boost frequency 5 MHz, output voltage slew rate 1.4 V/µs) for low energy consumption. They also have good parameters for voltage displacement and drift (3.5 mV and 1 µV/°C per line). They are produced in different cases and are intended for use with communication technology - modems, wireless phones, mobile phones and other devices.
Operational booster LMC7101 with input and output Rail to Rail and micropower version of LMC7111 with CMOS technology in miniature housings and suitable for installation in various portable equipment with autonomous I'm lazy. Even a small input stream of stench can be detected in sampling-saving devices and others that generate a large input support (guaranteed values of not less than 1 TOM).
It deserves respect for the LM7301 operational booster with Rail to Rail input and output, which accepts even high values of various parameters, a wide range of voltage, very high speed, high coefficients Options for amplification and suppression of common mode signals, as well as CMOS operational boosters of the LMC8101 with the possibility of connection. These boosters are available in miniature SOT-23 and microSMD packages and may be available in various devices with similar parameters.
Equally tight and high-speed operating boosters LM8261/2 and LM8272 with Rail to Rail input and output and unlimited value for use in driver circuits for rare crystals their screens, output stages of DACs, power headsets and other devices. The stench operates over a wide range of voltages and is disrupted by a low level of noise and noise.
Low-noise operational boosters of the LMV721/2 family are designed for installation at the input stages of booster equipment, including battery-powered ones. Available in miniature enclosures and frameless frames for use in various devices, for example, electret microphones.
Precision operational aids
Next, we will move on to review the remaining developments of precision operational power boosters from National Semiconductor, the main parameters of which at a supply voltage of 5 V are given in Table 2. In addition to the parameters of the operational power boosters for precis Other important factors include the temperature drift of the bias voltage, the amplification factor and the signal suppression factor (Common Mode Rejection Ratio - CMRR) and in response to instability of the supply voltage (Power Supply Ripple Rejection - PSRR).
Table 2. Main parameters of current precision operational boosters National Semiconductor
The LMC6081/2/4 and LMC6482/4 families of operating power amplifiers - with Rail to Rail input and output, are based on CMOS technology and represent typical precision operating power amplifiers, specifically designed for unipolar lives. Also available are microvoltage analogues with 20 µA flow and reduced speed - LMC6061/2/4 and LMC6462/4. The area of focus of these operational boosters is instrumental boosters, signal processing devices, booster signals and sensors, and medical equipment (biotherapy ntsialiv) then.
An important feature of the LMC6001 operating boosters is the negligibly small typical value of the input current of 10 fA and, therefore, can be used in electrometric devices and devices for vibrating currents and in coils, vibration detectors, various scientific equipment, etc. A notable technique is being used by the company for testing the skin tissue of the LMC6001 microcircuits - 3 times after a person's sleep. Samples with an input stream greater than 25 fA are rejected. The advantages of the operational boosters are also the low noise level of 22 nV/Hz 1/2 and the presence of electrostatic potential protection up to 2000 V. Available in MDIP housings and round metal-glass housings MCAN. It is significant that more successful installation of operational boosters with small input struts is possible only due to the presence of struts in the coil of the surface of the circuit board. The magnitude of these streams can exceed the input streams of the booster by several orders of magnitude and, therefore, cause the value of the zero to be subtracted. A way out of this situation is to create special protective rings on the other board near the inputs of the operational boosters or connect the inputs of the booster with other elements of the circuit board. Images of small other boards for installing boosters with large input struts are on the company’s website.
Low-noise, precision operation boosters LMV751 and LMV771/2/4 with Rail to Rail output and unipolar connections are available in miniature housings and are suitable for installation at the input stages of various equipment. The stench is eliminated by advanced speed code and small solutions, which makes it possible to vikoristovat data on operating power in high-voltage equipment and low-voltage applications.
Please note that National Semiconductor produces special operational boosters - LM833 duals and LM837 amplifiers (not shown in the table) - for use in Hi-Fi class audio equipment. According to their parameters, these boosters are close to precision and are characterized by a low voltage reduction (0.3 mV), a high amplification factor (110 dB), and a very low level of noise in the sound range (4, 5 nV/Hz 1/2) and extremely small nonlinear problems (0.0015%). Operational enhancements are adjusted for any amplification factor up to single, and several of the front ultrasonic units can be stacked in different equipment to amplify weak signals.
The continued achievements of National Semiconductor - based on a unique technology of continuous input bias correction - a series of ultra-precision power boosters available at a low price small displacement voltage values (typical value 0.8 µV) and low temperature drift (0.015 mW) . In addition to the operations of other companies, in which the vicorist method of zero correction is equal to low-frequency stabilization of interruptions, which reduces the noise level and interferes with the signal, in the LMP20 1x correction frequency becomes 35 kHz, which allows you to transfer the main noise spectrum to the high-frequency region, thereby reaching even a low level noise and noise in the frequency range up to several tens of kilohertz. The totality of the wonderful characteristics of the LMP201x operating boosters, such as low displacement and drift, which is very high for precision operating boosters, is the high throughput and speed of output voltage rise at the Equipped with low noise and low noise damping, it is possible to install microcircuits in a wide class of devices with improved accuracy and temperature stability.
To complete our review of precision operational boosters, let’s take a look at another recent development from National Semiconductor - a family of precision differential boosters with a fixed gain factor and a wide range input common-mode voltages LMP8270/1, intended for stagnation in whirlpool devices, a differential signal against the background of a very high common-mode voltage.
The structure and typical circuit for switching on the LMP8271 booster in the vibrating struma circuit is shown in Fig. 1. The microcircuit replaces the patented input device with a double-stage booster with a zero gain coefficient of 20. The LMP8270 is subject to OFFSET output. In a typical circuit, connections between cascades operate through a simple RC low-pass filter from an external capacitor.
Small 1. Structure and typical circuit diagram of power supply LMP8271
The LMP8270 booster sees an input signal that is not in positive polarity, while the LMP8271 can pick up a negative signal. The possibility of increasing the negative input voltage V IN can be achieved by changing the level of the output voltage V OUT to a constant value in accordance with the graphs shown in Fig. 2. The connection is carried out by applying a ceramic voltage to the special input of the LMP8271 OFFSET microcircuits. Since the OFFSET input is connected to the ignition dart, the LMP8271 sees no positive input signal. When the supply voltage V S is applied to the OFFSET switch, half the supply voltage is added to the output voltage of the booster, and thus the input of the booster becomes bipolar. In principle, any voltage V X from 0 to V S can be supplied to the OFFSET input, in which case the value V X /2 is added to the output voltage.
Small 2. The level of the input and output voltage of the LMP8271 booster to the OFFSET signal
Programmed operating aids
National Semiconductor produces a number of operational boosters, the parameters of which can be changed in any way through a special chip assembly - the so-called programmed operational boosters. The new model of the programmed operational booster - the dual booster LMV422 - is designed to operate in two modes, the primary and the economical, with which, of course, the parameters of the booster are adjusted, or No functions are saved so that they can be even brown, for example to maintain machine equipment, transitions to reserve storage, etc. In normal mode (Full; solid PS grounding), the operational boosters maintain a flow of 400 µA and have parameters close to precision boosters (div. Table 1). In economical mode (Low; a voltage greater than 4.5 V is applied to the PS core), the current flow drops to 2 µA, and the power supply becomes ultra-microvoltage. The skin is reinforced by microcircuits and has a moisture-free effect on PS control. The LMV422 operational boosters are configured for a gain factor greater than 2 and are available in a 10-pin MSOP package.
Combined devices
The trend of changing the dimensions of electronic equipment is leading manufacturers to create different combination devices with the arrangement of operational boosters. Zokrema, for the needs of video technology, National Semiconductor produces sets of operational speed boosters for LMH6570/2/4 multiplexers, the parameters of which are given in Table 3.
Table 3. Main parameters of booster-multiplexers National Semiconductor
The LMH6572 microcircuit contains three sets of 2:1 multiplexers and high-loss buffer boosters with a gain factor of 2, and the LMH6570 and LMH6574 - a combination of 2 and 4 buffer boosters Yuvacha, a multiplexer and a high-quality broadband operating booster with very high parameters. noise reduction, which allows you to reduce them in various video signal processing and amplification devices, monitors, multi-channel ADCs, high-definition TV equipment, etc. As well as all operational supports of National Semiconductor, oriented towards video data, operational support chips LMH6470 value of specific video signals according to the “differentially strong” type nya" and "differential phase". The structure and typical switching circuit of the LMH6570 multiplexer and the table of its settings are shown in Fig. 3. To control the multiplexer operation, use standard logical levels on the SEL and SD contacts.
Small 3. Structure and typical switching circuit of the LMH6570 multiplexer and table of its settings
In many electrical circuits and other devices, operating boosters are often used in conjunction with reference voltage (ION) motors. National Semiconductor produces a number of combination microcircuits that can accommodate two or more operational boosters with fixed or ION regulation. For the butt, let's look at the LM432 microcircuit, which consists of two operational boosters, similar to the popular LM358, and a fixed reference voltage of 2.5 with an output stream of up to 10 mA and unstable stu no more than 4 mV in the temperature range from 40 to +85 °C. The structure of the microcircuit is shown in Fig. 4. The range can be very different - the simplest linear voltage stabilizers, PWM pulse converter devices, etc.
Small 4. LM432 microcircuit structure
Analog comporators
The product range of National Semiconductor also includes a large number of integral analog comparators, the production of which with great success the company has had many successes in the past. Zokrema, introduced in the 1970s, a series of comparators with unipolar housings LM139/239/339 appeared in the distance, which modifications LM193/293/393/2903 and others are released to Only companies in different countries.
Among the most important operational parameters for comparators, the response time is the time interval between the input voltage and the moment when the output voltage reaches the input bottom logical level. Today's low-voltage comparators are starting to rely on BiCMOS technology, which makes it possible to obtain high voltage and low noise with low energy consumption, as well as reduce the output voltage close to the live voltage. As operational boosters, comparators can be intelligently divided into universal or cold-stabilization, liquid-pressure, micro-pressure, Rail to Rail, precision, etc., and for National Semiconductor marking Vikorist uses the same system as for operational assistants. The main parameters of National Semiconductor current comparators with a live voltage of 5 are shown in Table 4.
Table 4. Basic parameters of current analog comparators National Semiconductor
The family of universal comparators, listed in the first row of the table, is based on bipolar technology with an open-collector (OK) output, suitable for a wide range of supply voltages (both bipolar and unipolar) and output voltages are consistent with different types of digital logic devices: TTL , CMOS, ECL, etc. New comparators of the Vikonani family in miniature microSMD packages are intended for use in portable devices with autonomous living spaces.
Comparators LMV331/393/339 – the price of a low-voltage version of the previous family, based on BiCMOS technology. The stinks are positioned for stagnation in devices with unipolar living conditions of 2.7 to 5 Art.
The four microvoltage comparator LP339 is based on bipolar technology and is designed to work seamlessly with logical CMOS devices over a wide voltage range. It is noteworthy that the value of the current absorbed by one comparator (15 µA) does not lie in the voltage.
Micro-current CMOS comparators LMC7211 with a push-pull output (2T) and LMC7221 with an open-drain output (OS) are produced in miniature SOT23 packages and are suitable for installation in various portable devices - laptops, mobile devices Other phones, etc. Similar devices may be even more economical comparators LMC7215 and LMC7225 with a supply voltage of only 0.7 µA. These comparators are input and output Rail to Rail and are intended for use in circuits with recuperation mode.
The remaining developments of National Semiconductor comparators are based on BiCMOS technology and involve unique combinations of various parameters. Today's universal comparators LMV7235/39 provide a switching time of 45 ns with a current flow of 65 µA. The high-voltage version LMV7219 has an overmicking time of 7 ns, and the low-voltage modifications LMV7271/2/5 and LMV7291 are efficient at a supply voltage of 1.8 V. Clear overmicking of the comparators at a constant voltage Only the smallest input signals are guaranteed by internal hysteresis. All comparators of the LMV72xx series are produced in miniature packages.
Precision single and dual CMOS comparators LMV761/2 are designed with even low bias voltages and input streams at consistently high speeds. The LMV761 comparator is in Shutdown mode, when the flow is reduced to 0.2 µA, and the comparator output goes to a high-impedance level. The transition time to the operating mode does not exceed 4 µs. It is important that technical minds for these microcircuits of non-victory SD connections cannot be deprived of freedom, but should be associated with positive results of life.
National Semiconductor's product range includes a number of combined microcircuits based on analog comparators. This, for example, is the LMS33460 voltage drop detector, which forms an active (zero) switch when the device voltage is reduced to 3 Art. The structure of the LMS33460 microcircuits and the typical circuit diagram are shown in Fig. 5.
Small 5. Microcircuit structure of the LMS33460 voltage drop detector (a) this type of switching circuit (b)
The stock of LMS33460 microcircuits, housed in a miniature SC70-5 package, includes a precision ION, a comparator with hysteresis and an output stage with a closed drain. The range of input voltages of the microcircuits is 0.8-7, the value of the current flow does not exceed 1 µA, at which time the switching time to the active stage becomes 70 µs.
Select the required surgical support
To speed up the time it takes to select and test operational boosters, National Semiconductor has created Amplifiers Made Simple, a hand-crafted online technology that is part of the WEBENCH software shell hosted on the company's website. The new interactive system has a powerful search system that allows you to quickly and accurately find the required component among a host of other viruses, which may have different electrical characteristics.
At the first stage, Amplifiers Made Simple allows you to select the optimal type of surgical booster that suits the surgeon’s needs. Then the search for operational boosters is carried out among the National Semiconductor viruses, and the results reveal operational boosters that are best suited to the specific task at hand. Like other instrumental features of the WEBENCH family, Amplifiers Made Simple is absolutely cost-free. The various tools of the family are integrated one by one, which creates additional ease for the operator.
Because of Amplifiers Made Simple, the designer of electronic devices no longer needs to carry out the laborious design of circuits and physical layout. The technology provides instant access to the remaining SPICE models, parameters and other information about National Semiconductor operational boosters, and also allows customers to update the characteristics of several devices overnight. National Semiconductor guarantees 24-year delivery of all WEBENCH products.
A wide range and low variety of integral operational boosters from National Semiconductors, as well as the ability to select online, make them even more suitable for a wide range of REA retailers. Information about these operational boosters, as well as other components of the National Semiconductor manufacturing company, can be found at http://promelec.ru/lines/nsc.html or on the manufacturing website www.national.com.
Literature
- Volovich G. I. Circuitry of analog and analog-digital electronic devices. M: Vidavnichy house “Dodeka-XXI”. 2005.
- National Analog Products Databook. 2004 Edition.
- Shtrapenin G. L. High-quality operational sub-company of National Semiconductor // Chip News. 2003. No. 10.
Maxim Integrated Products is one of the world's leading light and analog integrated circuit generators. This article provides an overview of the operational boosters (OUs) produced by Maxim, their classification based on the main parameters, as well as a number of parameters that allow you to make the optimal choice for a specific supplement. and the nomenclature of viruses that the company will introduce.
At this time, more than a hundred (and sometimes a few hundred) types of operational boosters are released from the skin from conductive transmitters. The line of op-amps from Maxim Integrated Products contains approximately 150 types of microcircuits (not included in different packages). Based on this level of income, it is difficult for a developer to make the optimal choice of microcircuits for a specific program. The most important problem is the selection of a number of key parameters that are critical for the virus, which are broken down and, thereby, narrowing the list of possible options to a reasonable range.
Main parameters and classification of operational aids
Parameters that indicate the strength of operational boosters are usually divided into three groups: operational, precise and dynamic.
The main operating parameters include:
. Minimum and maximum voltage:
. Living strums;
. Availability of Rail-to-Rail authorities at the entrance and exit;
. Availability of the Shutdown input (disconnection from navigation).
The main precise parameters include:
. Displacement voltage VOS:
. Common mode signal attenuation coefficient (COSO;
. Coefficient of suppression of pulsation of life stress (CVSP) (otherwise known as coefficient of weakening of the instability of life stress (COPI));
. Input stream IBIAS;
. The spectral thickness of the noise behind the voltage.
The main dynamic parameters include:
. Single power frequency (GBW);
. Output voltage rise speed
The general statistics do not allow us to explain the physical location of these parameters. However, it is worth mentioning that all monographs devoted to the principles of work of operational aids, for example.
Theoretically, the OU has adopted the term “ideal operational supporter.” In fact, it is necessary to believe: high, pro-terminal coefficient of strength; non-zero input string; non-zero output op; bordered by transmission, etc.
Operational boosters, which are released to the industry, are gradually being improved, their parameters are “approaching ideal”. However, it is technically impossible to improve all the parameters at the same time (not to mention the ineffectiveness of such approaches due to the vainness of the decision taken). In order to expand the scope of application of op amps, different types are produced, for each one some parameters are dominant, and others are equal (or a little stronger). This is justified, because in various areas of op-amp stagnation, high values of one or another parameter are required, not in all respects. The result shows the classification of the OU for the reasons. Within the framework of this article, we will look at:
. OU iz low energy consumption;
. Low-voltage op-amp;
. Low noise op amp;
. Precision OU;
. High-quality OU;
. High-voltage op-amp;
. OU of blatant significance.
Operational boosters with low energy consumption
Supporters of this class are used in devices that maintain life from galvanic or rechargeable batteries. The key parameter, which specific booster can be added to this group, is the value of the struma associated with the life cycle. The Maxim company in its classification classifies this bus as “less than 20 µA”. A line of op amps with low energy consumption and their parameters are adjusted to table 1.
Table 1. Nomenclature and parameters of op-amps with low energy consumption from Maxim
The statistical function does not allow you to create a new table for all educational institutions of the class that you are looking at. Therefore, in this and the following tables, the parameters of not all op-amps that are included in the family are indicated, but only single ones (to place one booster in the case). The values of most of the parameters of dual op-amps and the combination of boosters are usually similar to the parameters of single op-amps. Full information is available on the Maxim company website - www.maxim-ic.com.
As a matter of fact, the values of the accuracy of the parameters (the coefficient of attenuation of the common-mode signal, the coefficient of suppression of the pulsation of the live voltage, the spectral strength of the noise) are on a par with the devices of external significance. The values of dynamic parameters (frequency of a single boost, speed of output voltage rise) cannot be high, since low energy consumption and high dynamics in the singing sense are common understandings. However, in applications where energy efficiency comes first (battery-powered mobile devices), dynamic parameters take priority.
The trace indicates the MAX4464/70/71/72/74 microcircuits – operational boosters with a sustained flow of 0.75 µA. This value, at the moment, is one of the greatest in galusa. In addition, these microcircuits are guaranteed to achieve high CCC and CPPPP values for their class. Good dynamic characteristics (I know this for its class) are provided by the MAX9910/11/12/13 and MAX9914/15/16/17 families. On the other hand, these microcircuits are included in the “Low Cost” category. microcircuits at a very inexpensive price, which may require cost-effective additives. Sufficiently balanced parameters of the MAX406/07/09/17/18/19 family allow us to consider them as auxiliary devices of vital importance.
It is necessary to note that in comparison with other wired generators of operational boosters (Texas Instruments, Analog Devices, National Semiconductor, Intersil), Maxim has a wide range of devices for this class of devices. a round of pronunciated viruses. The Maxim company offers 15 types of single booster microcircuits (one booster per case) with a flow rate of less than 20 μA. Texas Instruments offers nine models, Intersil – six, Analog Devices and National Semiconductor – two each.
Low-voltage operational boosters
Under low-voltage devices, consider operating boosters whose minimum operating voltage does not exceed 1.8 V. The whole area of application is battery-powered devices. A line of low-voltage op-amps and their parameters are set to table 2.
Table 2. Nomenclature and parameters of low-voltage op-amps from Maxim
As a matter of fact, most of the range of low-voltage op-amps and op-amps with low energy consumption are changing - only two families are new: MAX9617/18/19/20 and MAX4291/92/94. The first version is focused on improved accuracy and dynamic characteristics. For another, the main respect is assigned to low-ranking, powerful structures of zagal significance. From unique viruses, respect is given to the MAX4289 booster, which is based on the approval of the Maxim company, which first used the OU with a voltage of 1 V in the SOT-23 package.
Given the breadth of the nomenclature in this class, the positions of Maxim, Texas Instruments and National Semiconductor are approximately the same (15, 13 and 13 single op-amps are typical), and the positions of Analog Devices and Intersil are modest (six and five names).
Low noise operating aids
Noises in the operating boosters, superimposed on the red signal, suggest additive interference in the virtualization components and defects in the audio equipment. External and internal noises are differentiated. External noise comes from the input signals, and the fight against them involves various circuitry and design solutions. Internal (thermal, shot, flicker noise) and humid noise of the power booster can be minimized at the stage of development of the power booster microcircuits. For low-noise boosters, the key parameter is the spectral density of noise. The Maxim company classifies op-amps in which the value does not exceed 15 nV/Hz. A line of low-noise op-amps and their parameters are set to table 3.
Table 3. Nomenclature and parameters of low-noise op-amps from Maxim
The highest spectral noise intensity values of the MAX410/12/14 family have a value of 1.5 nV/Hz, which corresponds to the highest achievements in Galusia. In addition, the MAX4091/92/94 family is significant in terms of energy efficiency, and the MAX4488/89 shows good performance in terms of dynamics. The operating power units of the MAX/i230/31/32/33/34 families are additionally suitable for these programs, and price is a factor.
Precision operational aids
For precision (high-voltage) boosters, the key parameter is the zero offset voltage. Zero mixing in operational boosters is manifested in the presence of a constant voltage (mixing) at the output U when there is no input signal (that is, the direct and inverse inputs are connected to ground). Zazvichay, mixing zero lead to the entrance, then. apply to the strength coefficient. Obviously, minimal zero mixing is an extremely important step for boosters who work on endangered additives. The Maxim company considers those whose significant parameter does not exceed 100 µV to be precision boosters. In addition, important parameters for this class of boosters are the coefficient of COSS and CPPPP, the values of which do not exceed 100 dB. A line of precision op-amps and their parameters are set at table 4.
Table 4. Nomenclature and parameters of precision op-amps from Maxim
Regardless of the fact that the range of precision op-amps that the Maxim company promotes is not very wide, the families they propose are clearly differentiated by a key parameter. In this way, the Maxim company is able to provide a wide range of possible additives. Surgical boosters MAX4238/39 show high performance in this class - on par with the highest performance in Galusia. Premium rice of the MAX9617/18/19/20 family: low-voltage food; low speed and good dynamic parameters for its class. MAX4236/37 microcircuits are also classified as low-noise. The MAX9943/44 power supplies are positioned as precision and high voltage.
High-quality operating aids
It is possible that in this section we see high-speed boosters (with frequencies wider than 100 MHz), suitable for a variety of video equipment, as well as for other circuit designs Initial solutions and operational enhancements in the classically understandable term. Under high-voltage op-amps, these boosters are acceptable, the speed of output voltage rise exceeds 10 V/µs. The frequency of a single boost for such op-amps in most surges is no less than 5 MHz. To ensure equal speed, the gain speed for video signals lies in the range of 500...2000 V/µs, and the bandwidth of the signal at 3 dB is not less than 300 MHz. The line of high-voltage op-amps and their parameters are set in table 5.
Table 5. Nomenclature and parameters of high-quality op-amps from Maxim
The highest rates of increase in output voltage (on par with the lowest averages in this class) with a wide range of transmission are provided by MAX9650/51 microcircuits. However, the stench is due to a lower high flow, which is due to the large zero offset and the low voltage - high voltage (6 V).
The optimal choice for this class for precise characteristics (CORR, CPPNP, spectral strength of noise, zero offset) is MAX4488/89 microcircuits. In my opinion, the energy efficiency is MAX4124/25/28. The MAX4484/86/87 family is oriented towards economical “Low Cost” additives.
Operational boosters with a wide range of supply voltage (high-voltage op-amps)
Vlasna, the term “high-voltage op amp” is not entirely correct. “High-voltage” op-amps from the 1980s, which used voltages = 15 V, were subject to tight tolerances. Modern high-voltage op-amps are the most operational boosters with a wide range of supply voltages. The ability of robots to operate at high voltage (up to 10 V) was observed in a number of microcircuits of the considered higher classes. From this point of view, “high-voltage” in itself is not so much a criterion for belonging to a particular class, but rather an option that can be used by an OU of different significance.
On the other hand, if you look at only those boosters with a maximum voltage of 20 or more, then the value of the minimum voltage (6 V) clearly puts them in the same class. The line of such op amps and their parameters are indicated at table 6.
Table 6. Nomenclature and parameters of high-voltage op-amps from Maxim
The specificity of these microcircuits determines their common nomenclature in Maxim's products: power MAX9650/51 - high-speed, and MAX9943/44/45 - low noise.
Surgical boosters of general purpose and inexpensive surgical boosters
The non-standard nature of the subtitle requires explanation.
Subsilyuvachi of legal significance. Here I would like to address the classification criteria. Since in all of these groups the criteria are purely physical (strum, tension, etc.), then the concept of “ultimate significance” is of an intangible nature. It is clear that within the framework of this article we are talking about viruses when designing certain parameters without taking into account the dominant ones. On the other hand, it was conveyed that, based on the parameters, there would be no “lower for lower” pile-ups. Therefore, there may be requirements for large-scale additions, for these fragments of the circuit, in which the parameters of the booster do not provide any advancements.
As a criterion for choosing a price, there are inexpensive op amps (or Low Cost in the terms of the Maxim company).
The concept of “inexpensive” is lost. The offensive mechanism is revealed: the entire line of single (one booster per body) boosters is visible * regardless of the parameter values and transferred values, and ranked by price ** . The cheapest quarter of viruses and we become the “Low Cost” group. It is clear that here we use specialized microcircuits, in which one or more parameters will be stronger than the average. It’s okay: we can only talk about those that are given a microcircuit - “Low Cost” in its class, but it does not carry any significance to “extraordinary significance”. “Galnae value” may be “Low Cost” for the price, and because of the average parameters without wasting it, then this is more than just a marketing favor (but it is still a specialization that is not noticeable at first glance). A line of inexpensive op-amps and their parameters are set in table 7.
Table 7. Nomenclature and parameters of inexpensive op amps from Maxim
A significant part of the power supply in this table relates to one of the classes: low-voltage, low-noise, high-voltage op amps (they themselves are listed in the “Low Cost” section of this table). To the “pure” operational boosters of secondary significance we can include LMX321, MAX4245, MAX4400/01, MAX4480/01 and, similarly, two different modifications of these families Stv.
It is also significant that the Maxim company sees the MAX9910/11/12/13 and MAX9915/16/17/18 families as operational boosters with the best “smoothness - tightness” relationship.
"Automotive" operational support personnel
It is significant that “automotive” op-amps do not mean a general class of devices, but an option that allows you to select a specific microcircuit in automotive applications (subject to the TS 1694 certificate 9). Some of the middle ones are OUs of general purpose, precision, high-quality, etc., then the nomenclature and parameters of “automotive” OUs are not summarized in the adjacent table, but are listed in the “Msiol-spіv Automotive” section of the type tables Some groups
Operating aids in miniature cases
The current trend in electronics is to minimize the size of electronic devices (especially the mobile segment), which means there is a need to minimize the size of other electronic components. The Maxim company, when installed before the op-amp, brings cases with a size of 2x2 mm or less to the miniature ones. The following cases are available: UCSP (with dimensions 1x1; 1x1.5; 1.5x1.5 and 1.5x2 mm), CS-70 (size 2x2 mm) and uDFK (size 2x2 mm). The fragments of “Miniature Corps” are not classified as a class, but only as a variant of the same type, then they are not summarized in the adjacent table, but are listed in the “Miniature Corps” sections of the corresponding table (in the liDFX Corpus, only microcircuit MAX4166).
[Turning to Table 7, you can come to a conclusion: the result of the CS70 case is a good solution to reduce the power of the microcircuits (notably, in these Low Cost devices, which were used in the design).
Visnovok
Based on a review of Maxim's operational support systems, it can be determined that Maxim creates operational support services for all the needs of its operating groups and different areas of waste. The nomenclature of the skin group is wide enough to determine the choice of the given values of the key parameter. The characteristics of Maxim's operational boosters in the most demanding groups do not compromise on similar parameters in the products of other wireline generators, and often exceed them.
Literature
1. Volovich G.I. Circuitry of analog and analog-digital devices. - M: Dodeka-XXI, 2005.
2. Side http://www.maxim-ic.com/quick_view2.cfm/qv_pk/3254
The Maxim/Dallas company produces a wide range of radio-electronic components, including operational aids. The article briefly describes the so-called “rail-to-rail” operational boosters, which allow changing the input common-mode signal from zero to voltage in the case of unipolar voltage, or from negative to positive in case of bipolarity and ensures the bottom voltage is in the same range.
Operational boosters that allow the input common-mode signals to vary over a wide range of voltages are even handy in many stagnant areas. The Maxim/Dallas company produces more than 150 types of such op amps. For initial information, let’s take a look at the devices that operate at a voltage of 2.85 V or less, which have one or two op-amps in the case and are available in cases for mounting surface-mounted SC70 and SOT. The list of such microcircuits is shown in the table. 1, and a schematic representation of the housings and wiring of the pins is in Fig. 1.
The table has the following meanings:
N – number of op-amps in the housing; ShDn – possibility of switching the op-amp at the Shutdown input; K U MIN - the minimum strength coefficient, which preserves its stability; U PIT - voltage range for unipolar supply; I PIT MAX – maximum flow rate of microcircuits; U CM - zero voltage; KOS.SF - attenuation coefficient of the input common-mode voltage; KVL.IP – coefficient of instability in the displacement voltage; I ВХ – inlet flow; f1 – single power frequency; V UHIH - maximum speed of output voltage increase; U Ш - spectral density of noise voltage, directed to the entrance; I Ш - spectral density of the noise input stream; f Ш - frequency, which is standardized by UШ and IШ.
The price of microcircuits is indicated for purchase from the USA in a batch of at least 1000 pcs.
Let's take a look at the particularities of the overinsurances in the table. 1 operating aids. All of them have very strong power - when the inputs are reversed, the polarity of the output signal does not change. Most of the voltage is present at the input of a resistive-diode dry lance (Fig. 2), which sharply reduces the input support when the input signal moves to about 2 V. For certain voltage threshold microcircuits, when there is a decrease in the input support, the value is lower, the fragments they have The sick lantsug has only two diodes, not six.
Small 2
Operational boosters MAX4122 and MAX4124 at 250 ohms will ensure the output voltage, but will not reach the supply voltage by 300 mV. The OU MAX4130 has similar power.
Op-amp MAX4162 has a unique input support for a differential signal - over 1013 Ohms. The supply voltage of the microcircuits can reach 10 V. The op-amp does not have a dry input signal, and the common-mode input signal can go beyond the supply voltage by 250 mV. The same power and actions of other OUs loom.
The CMOS op-amp of the MAX4230-MAX4232 microcircuits provides an output flow of up to 30 mA and a speed of output signal rise of up to 10 V/µs.
The MAX4240 microcircuit can be guaranteed to operate at a voltage of 1.8, but can survive at less than 18 µA. The common-mode input signal can be input up to the level of the live voltage.
MAX4321-MAX4323 microcircuits can be operated at 250 Ohm.
CMOS op-amps MAX4490 and MAX4491 have minimal noise levels.
Most series of microcircuits listed in the table. 1 There is a continuation of the device, so that two or more op amps can be placed in one case.
Please note that the Maxim/Dallas website is very convenient for choosing radio elements. From the obvious diversity of components of the same type, you can automatically select the required parameters - the number of op-amps in the housing, supply voltage, speed code, zero offset, gain factor and all other functional capabilities livities. The list of selected components can be sorted by increasing or changing the value of any parameter, and by clicking on the designated microcircuits, you can view the data sheet, as well as the models for the selected microcircuits.