It’s not crazy, but with the problems of a non-functional, “buggy” or computer that freezes, you have to worry about your skin problems. And the reason for this is the question: “How are you?” One option is to contact the service center or your friends who can provide evidence of PC repair. However, in many cases, a computer malfunction can be detected on your own, without much evidence from the authorities. If you have a passion for your strength, a little patience, then this article is for you.

Why start repairing your computer yourself?

Start with the simplest things possible.

First of all, you should check the connections of all wires connected to the system unit and monitor; Check the hemstone filter to ensure uninterrupted life (as it is). And after such a recheck, you can proceed to further search for serious problems.

There is a very small approach ahead of us.

1. It is important to follow safety precautions when repairing any electrical equipment, such as a computer. All work with internal parts of the system unit must be connected to a loose power cable.

2. During the robotic process we need the following tools: a small screw and flat screw, tweezers. It may also be useful to use a spray can for tight areas (remove the saw blades manually) and a tray for cleaning electrical contacts.

3. Components must be afraid of static voltage and can generate enormous stress. Before you begin repairing your computer, you will not be able to discharge a static charge by touching the central battery or any other grounded structure. In extreme cases, it will be enough to touch the unbarred metal part of the system unit. Don't forget about this simple procedure during the repair process.

Let us now look at the possible reasons for a computer malfunction.

The computer does not connect.

If, after pressing the button, the computer does not show a sign of life, then one of the reasons may be a malfunction of the button itself (although this happens even rarely). It’s not a good idea to turn off this option right away.

For this purpose, carefully close the contacts (shtiri) PWD SW directly on the motherboard, in front of the button connector. The PWD SW stripes are located in the group of contacts at the front part (usually the back) of the motherboard. Often the contacts are marked with color markings, and in this case look for a green (lime) color.

Whose name is it? computer get wet, you can obtain information about the malfunction of the power button on the system unit case. Anyway, the jokes continued.

Computer life block (BP), you can use a folding electronic device. A good power supply has a short-circuit protection circuit (SC).
It is quite clear that one of the modules of the system unit is out of order and does not allow the life unit to “start up”.

To check, you need to consistently connect all hard drives, CD drives, and remove all expansion modules from the motherboard. After the skin irritation, you will need to wet the computer again. Do not forget to remove the power cable from the computer immediately before removing the modules. It is necessary to work also because when there is a short circuit at the output, some life blocks cannot be reconnected without being disconnected from the electrical circuit after the short circuit circuit has been removed.

As soon as at any stage the computer “comes to life” and switches on, the remaining power module fails for everything and is prone to malfunction.

After this, you can install (connect) everything except the faulty unit in its place and turn on the computer again. It is absolutely certain that without a faulty module, the computer cannot function normally (if the video card or single memory module is faulty). Timing is not less, the computer will turn off, and about the current (faulty) device, inform the BIOS of the motherboard using sound signals from the built-in speaker (PC-Speaker).

If such verification did not reveal the cause of the computer malfunction, then check the life block itself.

The ideal option for checking the life block would be to install a certificate of reference. If there is no such thing, then you can simply connect the power supply to the electrical circuit (keeping in mind all other connections) and on the main ATX connector connect the contact of the green wire with the same contact of the black color. It should be noted that there are several life blocks (most importantly old ones) that are impossible to work normally without modification. So, to make things even better, it’s best to connect your old, unnecessary hard drive to a new one. Moreover, for such verification there is little likelihood of the fact that the item that is being verified may cause problems. Sometimes life blocks (especially cheap ones) can provide the necessary tension.

If checking all blocks and modules did not yield any results, then we can very confidently talk about a faulty motherboard. In some cases it can be resuscitated.

A system unit is a whole complex of devices that interact closely with one another. This is a reliable system, for the reason that it was initially assembled from clear components and by specialists who know their stuff. Sometimes problems arise that require assistance, but the average PC user is unclear. These problems may arise in the hands of qualified masters, and those problems can arise in the minds of home. Repairing system units will not become a problem after reading this article. So let's go.

What is a system unit? This is a complex of devices that will ensure the operation of the computer. Their list includes a motherboard and RAM, a video card, a hard drive (hard drive), a storage unit and a number of other optional devices.

Computer instability is most often associated with software problems. Then you can only fight this on the level of the operating system without physically getting into the hardware of the computer. However, problems arise, in which case the system unit still needs to be repaired.

For example, the problem has become wider - overheating of components. What most often suffers from is that if you don’t think of an effective solution at the initial stage, then in the future it can become the cause of unstable computer operation. Constantly turning on or off is direct evidence that the processor is overheating.

The system unit may also need repairs if the computer simply does not connect. Shvidshe for everything, the reason is to cry in the bloc of life, so that you are in good health. Unfortunately, stinks are rarely repairable, it’s easier to just remember.

Severe artifacts on the screen, especially during the hour of any computer game, are direct evidence that the video card is not functioning correctly. It may also help to reinstall drivers or update them to the latest version. It is impossible, however, to check the cooling system, just like on the central processor.

Before speaking, in order to check the temperature of these and other components, it is enough to install third-party software, for example, Everest. This complex will also help to diagnose the components. To find out the peak temperature of a different system unit, turn to the generator. For example, for processors this value may exceed 70 degrees Celsius.

If you are repairing a system unit, you will never have to repair it on your own. For example, this phenomenon is associated with periodic voltage cuts at the limit or with the factory circuit breaker itself. At the service center, the capacitors can be resoldered, replaced with new ones, or the motherboard can be replaced entirely.

If you happen to be in a situation where you cannot repair the system unit on your own, you will have to turn to the fakers. This will save you an hour of nerves, and also protect you from major breakdowns.

Sometimes your computer may freeze due to problems with software or hardware, in which case you need to understand what is causing the problem. Be respectful when your computer freezes. Perhaps you have acquired a new device, for example, a printer or scanner; In such a situation there may be a driver conflict. If the problem appears after new hardware has been added, then the cause may be due to lack of tension or overheating. If you have a problem of this kind, then follow the instructions below to help your computer.

Give preference to your computer. If you constantly turn off your computer, then often, you can solve the problem by turning off its mode of life for 30 seconds. By turning off the power on the motherboard, you reconnect the hardware devices and clear the computer memory.

Make sure your computer doesn't overheat. You will have a chance to marvel at the middle of the computer. Remember that before you open the computer case, you need to turn it off. If you have lost your hair for a long time, then use a rubber gum. Be aware of any embellishments that can be harmful. Also, be careful not to wear clothes that can generate static electricity, as a small spark can disrupt the operation of the internal parts of the computer and cause problems that are difficult to develop.

Open the computer case and change the temperature of the metal parts. If the smell is hot, then most likely your computer will overheat. Carefully look around the fans and you will see saws in them. You can use a clean gancher to clean the closed area. Remember: Before doing this, you are responsible for turning off your computer.

If you use more than one hard drive, be careful not to install them back to back to prevent overheating. To install a hard drive into a wide socket that has devices such as CD-ROM or DVD-ROM installed, buy it from any computer store.
Cleaning the fans will be a great preventative measure, as long as your computer doesn't have any problems.
Before you close the case, turn over the darts and reconnect them so that they are connected. If you need to reconnect the video card or RAM, then do not press too hard on the motherboard, as this may damage it.

Check the driver for your devices. Quite often, during the time of installation and update, Windows can install the wrong drivers for your devices, which can cause your computer to freeze. You can check the driver status in Device Manager. Turn off the USB devices that are connected. Turn off the computer to check its usefulness. As it works, good; However, you can reconfigure your computer from before. The system update will upgrade your computer to include drivers.

Together with you, we will look at how to repair a computer on your own. First of all, let's get it out of the way that computer repair actually consists of two independent procedures: identifying the cause of its failure ( diagnostics) and, finally, the stage of failure ( repair).

How to repair your computer? People often ask themselves this question when their trusted “friend” is hesitant to turn on or begins to “freeze”, accidentally re-engage or reveal other defects in the work.

Do you remember? First things first: DIY computer repair begins with diagnosing the problem. From a visual examination of the “patient” :) Nowadays, it is clear that it seems strange that you can mentally equate with intuition. Are you starting to “see” the computer “getting in”? :)

It is also necessary to understand that computer repair is (often) a banal replacement of one or many unnecessary components. This is actually more modular than its refolding. It happens that you need to sit on it with a soldering iron, but about a little later :)

Of course, in order to successfully repair your computer, we need spare parts. Moreover, the more of them, the better. Sometimes it happens (especially with old technology) that one replaced part works miraculously on one computer, but does not work on something else. In my opinion, there are no problems with this: in the work warehouse there is enough variety of “salvage”, so choose, what else to work in the home?

I can give you joy: it’s trivial to collect from yourself everything that is lost in your field of vision (a processor that was lost after the motherboard burned out, “unnecessary”, due to an upgrade, a RAM module, an outdated video card, etc.) do not “pull” a new group, etc.). I think you have made me understand? I can tell you that with this approach, you will soon have a sufficient collection of spare parts and accessories in your home that you can use to repair your computer.

Now you can absolutely safely take from such parts, for example, another computer (especially for testing), organize your own local mini-measurement in your home, and then remove the required basic information from the computer. "by the way" . For example, I have three collected computers in my house at once, connected in a small amount, and from now on I can save a little more from what is saved at the special police.

How far am I going with this entry? In fact, computer repairs cannot be done effectively without a sufficient number of spare parts. This is a very important moment! Have you ever visited a small computer company for collection and repair? I sing - there you will see a great variety of components, which often help the local guys to successfully diagnose computer malfunctions.

At the end of our introductory material, I want to point out that before we repair the computer, we (even if it sounds trite) need to stop our “patient” from sawing what has accumulated in it. It is necessary to say that sometimes it happens that this procedure itself replaces all repairs :) For this purpose, we can use an old (Radyansky) vacuum cleaner, switching to the mode not for insufflation, but for visible use again. Simply twist the “trunk” of the vacuum cleaner from the front and screw it on from the back.

I wanted to supplement the article with some practical material, since there was a lot of literature and little specifics. I want to introduce you (those who don’t already know) about such a wonderful program as “” (you can download its version for 32 and 64 bit systems for free).

Don’t think that the program won’t tell you how to repair your computer, but it will make things easier and practically allow you to “look” at the system unit without opening it. Well, here I’ve had a little too much, but it’s not much at all :)

What is the miracle program “Cpu-Z”? First of all, there is no need to install them. It runs immediately in RAM. The most important thing is that it will show us again and detailed information about the main elements of our computer:

processor, type yogo rosem (socket);
motherboard (including information about “new” and “new” microcircuits);
We can (without opening the case) determine how many RAM slots are installed on the system board, which of them will be occupied and what is installed in them;
The data for the graphics adapter (video card) is directly displayed;

As you know, the pluses are a whole bunch. And everything fits into 2 megabytes! Let's get to know the program better when we can, not in the process of repairing the computer itself, but at the stage of collecting data about it.

After the launch, it’s almost time to see:

The first tab is called “CPU” (processor). Let's look at this report:

The "name" field is the model of our processor;
"Code name" "Max TDP" - the code name of the core and the maximum power consumption in Watts;
"Package" - the name of the processor socket (slot or socket);
"Technology" and "Core Voltage" - based on the specific technological process (45 nanometers) and the voltage on the core;
“Specification” - the same name as the virobu and its clock frequency (2.80 GigaHertz)
The lower part of the screenshot indicates the clock frequency of the system bus and the cache characteristics of the first and second levels;

Let's take a look at the Mainboard tab - motherboard.

The Manufacturer field tells us the manufacturer (Asus);
"Model" - the same name as the payment model;
"Chipset" is a microcircuit manufacturer (Intel) of the same model (G41). Tse - " pіvnіchny place" chipset;
"Southbridge" - tributes to " povdenny bridge";
Section “BIOS” - provides information about the same chip on the motherboard;

The “Type” row tells us the type of RAM (DDR2) and the VIC mode (dual-channel);
The "Size" field displays the current status set by the system;
The “Timing” section shows the frequency at which it works (Frequency) and at different times (timings);

Let's take another screenshot - a very colorful tab. SPD(Serial Presence Detect) or - “serial detection scheme”.

It is noteworthy that it gives us the ability, by opening the list under the inscription “Memory Slot Selection,” to “increase” how many RAM slots are installed on the system board (in this category there are two: slot #1 and slot #2). This will simplify the situation, if, for example, it is necessary to quickly determine whether it is possible to add the module to the computer and what is the best place for its expansion? We don’t need to unscramble it for this.

Below you can see the reported information about the skin slot. It is clear which chips are being tested, which manufacturer, and the serial number of the device (if I checked the additional characteristics of the Corsair proprietary module on the manufacturer’s website for such a number). I still know - the frequency of the robot, the voltage of the voltage (Voltage).

And now - let's move on to practice and find out how to repair a computer that has been damaged?

If your desktop computer has become unstable or has stopped working, check for documents as your warranty period may not have expired. First of all you need to go to the warranty service, you need to make sure that all software and your computer are not infected with viruses, if your computer is damaged for any reason, it will not be covered under warranty. pay you.

If you reinstall your computer, you can uninstall certain programs after the update, if there is a checkmark in the settings that allows you to restart your computer without any delay after updating. If after a revision of the installed programs the computer continues to operate unstably, then the reason lies in the malfunction of the “hatch” and the required repair of the material part. This is a warranty issue and better yet, do not attempt repairs on your own.

Any connection of connectors and units to turn off the output from the computer can only be carried out when the system unit is unpowered; you need to plug in the pilot or remove the plug from the 220 V socket.

The main reasons for unstable computer operation

Malfunction of coolers (fan)

One of the most common computer breakdowns is the cooling of the cooler due to reduced speed or cooling. The processor radiator may also become clogged. Since everything is wrong with the programs, it is necessary to first check the operation of the coolers.

Malfunction of the life block

Another frequent reason for the disruption of the computer’s usefulness is the system unit’s life block. Damage to the robotic power supply may appear as it is more obvious.

If there is an obvious malfunction of the unit, the computer, when turned on, does not show a sign of efficiency, the coolers do not operate and the LEDs do not shine. In the event of an unobvious malfunction of the unit, the risk of unstable computer operation, system freezing, fleeting re-engagement, and interruptions during operation is at risk.

The life block is the most important part of the computer and, in addition, is subject to influxes through instability in the measure of life in the form of voltage and natural drops, during the hour of a thunderstorm. It is therefore recommended that, in the hour of a thunderstorm, you should not just remove the computer, but also remove the electrical and Internet plugs from the sockets. On a laptop during a thunderstorm, you can use your life on the battery and when connected to the Internet via Wi-Fi.

Malfunction of operational memory (RAM)

It is not uncommon for an unstable computer to cause a malfunction in the operational memory of the computer. The results of testing with special programs cannot 100% guarantee the correctness of the memory, and reliability can only be determined by replacing the memory stick with a properly functioning one. If there is more than one installed in the slots of the computer, then one at a time can be checked. If the computer is no longer working reliably, it means that the memory level is faulty.

Hard disk failure (HDD)

Since the computer has processed a lot of rocks, the hard drive (hard drive) is often to blame for the unstable operation of the computer. However, as a rule, if the hard drive malfunctions, before the system begins to restart, you will see a message about the readback from the disk. Sometimes the hard drive begins to make sounds that are uncharacteristic for a robot.

If the system becomes suspicious and there is a suspicion of a malfunction of the hard drive, it is necessary to protest against the presence of bad sectors on the disks and install a write barrier in these sectors. In an hour, check again, if new bad sectors have appeared, the hard drive will have to be replaced.

Find programs that allow you to physically transfer a copy of the hard drive installed in your computer to a new one, whatever the capacity. You won’t have to spend an hour re-installing the software and drivers.

Malfunction of the "Start" button

I've also had occasion to experience problems with a completely unforeseen reason for the computer's unsystematic shutdown due to a malfunction of the Start button. On the right, if you press and hold the Start button on the system unit for more than three seconds, the system will automatically shut down and the computer will shut down. So the axis of this button's contacts periodically became quite short-circuited and in this way the computer became jammed. I won’t be able to understand for a long time what the reason is until I think of the fractions that came out of this button on the motherboard.

Microcracks in the tracks of the motherboard

And we found the worst thing - the destruction of the stable operation of the computer through microcracks that appeared over the course of an hour in the tracks of the motherboard. The stink appears on many models of poorly designed motherboards.

Microcracks appear as a result of attaching the processor radiator not to the socket into which the processor is inserted, but to a separate circuit board. So, as the pressure of the radiator is exerted with great force, the motherboard bends, and microcracks are created on the tracks, which lead to periodic damage to the contacts. Initially, the computer begins to freeze periodically and then stops working completely.

It is possible that this design of fastening the processor radiator is not wobbly, but was created with the intention that after the warranty period had expired, people would buy a new motherboard or a new system unit.

I have had to deal with such malfunctions of motherboards more than once. In several episodes, additional fixing of the radiator helped, after which the computer began to operate stably. Since you, having opened the system unit, have found a similar system for mounting the radiator, then I will rework it with my testimony.

When the computer freezes when it is busy with system programs

BIOS (Basic input-output system) is the primary security program stored in a special microcircuit on the motherboard. When you turn on the computer, the processor first downloads to the BIOS and reads the cache from it until further action. The default BIOS also includes checking all the main nodes of the computer.

When the computer is turned on, and if there is any dynamics in the system unit, one short beep will sound on the beginning of the software installation. Until the BIOS beep sounded, no one has any respect for it. One short beep means that the automatic diagnostics of the functionality of all units of the computer, which is carried out by the POST (Power On Self-Test) program embedded in the BIOS of the motherboard, has been successful, all units are checked and ready for operation.

However, if the computer's BIOS produces a number of short or long beeps, it will be difficult not to lose respect, despite the fact that in this case there will be no need for software security. These signals are not intermittent, and their interruption and intermittency may indicate a computer malfunction.

How to determine the type of BIOS installed on the computer

In consumer computers, the most popular is one of the two types of BIOS - Award or AMI, and for each type the same sound signal indicates different types. Therefore, to decipher the problem, you need to know what type of BIOS, award or AMI is installed on the computer. The first time you turn on the computer, a hint is given in the lower part of the monitor screen, which key must be pressed several times to enter the BIOS, which can be one of two “DEL” or “F2”, which is called “DEL”.

If you insert the BIOS into the panel, you will see something like this.

At the top of the screen it says the BIOS type whose computer has Award installed.

through the system speaker of a computer with Award BIOS

Table of sound signals that are visible in the BIOS through the system speaker of a computer with Award BIOS
The sound of what seems to be	Decryption of sounds
1 short	Computer reference	No action required
2 short	Small benefits were found. There is a notification about the need to go to BIOS	It is necessary to check the BIOS configuration and eliminate any inconsistencies
3 long	Repairing the keyboard controller	Check the reliability of the keyboard cord connected to the system unit
1 long + 1 short	Removal of RAM (operational device)	Check the correct installation of the OZP strips, remove and insert back, rearrange the plug
1 long + 2 short	Video card removal	Check that the video card is fully inserted into the slot on the motherboard, and the video card cooler is working
1 long + 3 short
1 long + a lot of short ones	Note on the hour of reading from the BIOS	Check the presence of the contact in the contact guide of the BIOS microcircuits
A series of short sounds that repeat	Faulty life block
A series of long sounds that repeat	RAM malfunction	Replace the RAM stick with a valid one or remove one of them if more than one is installed
A series of short and long sounds that are repeated	Processor malfunction	Check the functionality of the processor cooler and the reliability of the radiator mounting
The sound signal sounds continuously	Malfunction of the life block	Check the output voltage of the life block

What are the sounds, what do you see in the BIOS?
through the system speaker of a computer with AMI BIOS

Table of sound signals that are visible in the BIOS through the system speaker of a computer with AMI BIOS
The sound of what seems to be	Decryption of sounds	Recommendations for troubleshooting
1 short	Computer reference	No action required
1 long + 1 short	Faulty life block	Check the output voltage of the life block
2 short	Parity of the OPP (operational unit)	Turn on parity check in BIOS
3 short	Pomilka testing the first 64Kb RAM	Increase the size of memory typings in the BIOS, if it did not help, replace the RAM stick
4 short	System timer malfunction
5 short	Processor malfunction	Check the functionality of the processor cooler, the reliability of the radiator mounting, remove and insert the processor, if it does not help, replace it with a robot
6 short	Warm-up at the hour of initialization of the keyboard	Check the reliability of the connection at the outlet. Press the Num Lock button until the indicator on the keyboard lights up, then the keyboard is faulty
7 short	Motherboard malfunction	Replacement required
8 short	Removing video card memory	Video card replacement required
9 short	BIOS check sum is incorrect	Check the presence of the contact in the contact guide of the BIOS microcircuits, flashing the firmware may help
10 short	Clearing the BIOS entry	Check the presence of contact in the contact guide of the BIOS microcircuits; the change is not critical and you can continue to work.
1 long + 3 short	Video card removal	Check that the video card is inserted all the way into the slot on the motherboard, using the video card cooler

Because the computer won't connect

You press the Start button, but the computer does not start. To understand why the computer is not working properly, you need to analyze its behavior after pressing the power button. There are a number of options possible.

There is a constant presence of any sounds coming from the system unit and the LED light on the monitor. It is unlikely that the monitor and system unit went wrong overnight. It is necessary to check the presence of life in the electrical socket, the correctness of the pilot at any time, for which it is enough to plug into the socket or pilot a table lamp or any other electrical appliance. Whether the plugs are inserted into the sockets, or the power cords are connected to the monitor and the system unit, or the power supply is turned on on the monitor and on the back of the system unit. For everything, you will know why the computer is asking for it.

The battery is low

The computer may not start if the lithium battery, which is a flat cylinder with a diameter of 20 mm and a thickness of 3.2 mm, is installed on the motherboard. As a rule, a battery of the CR2032 type or similar to the same size is installed. Please note that the marking of the battery depends on its overall dimensions.

Save the original battery when the computer is not supplied with power by adjusting the BIOS memory, inserting it into the computer and ensuring the battery life. An indication that the battery has reached the end of its service life is the display of the date and date after the computer is turned on again.

Such a battery must be checked by measuring the voltage at its poles with a voltmeter. It should be at least 3 V. If the battery voltage is less than 3 V, replace it with a new one. If the voltage is greater than 3, then you need to wipe the contacts of the battery case and the surface of the battery with alcohol. When batteries are installed, the polarity must be correct. The new battery is designed to last for five years.

To remove the battery, you need to remove the battery cover of the system unit (how to remove the cover is described in the article below the text), find the place where the battery is installed and insert the metal retainer. After the battery is removed, it may be necessary to update the BIOS settings and set the exact date and time.

Briefly discuss the life of components

The computer connects to the life cycle, when you press the Start button, beware of the jerk of the cooler impeller to the life block, the impeller does not continue to turn around, and nothing else appears. This means that the special system protects the life-blood block through the evidence of the re-emphasis of the life-blood, either from the installation of elements in the system block or in the life-blood itself.

To determine the cause, it is necessary to open the system unit and successively remove the parts that go out of the life block, in addition to the conductors connected to the motherboard. It's easier to start with disk drives. Before installing the unit, it is necessary to uninstall the system unit. All cards are subsequently removed from the motherboard. After turning on the drawing device, you can start the system unit. If you start the program, then the computer is to blame for the remaining connection block. If all the blocks are plugged in, but the power supply does not start, this means that the device itself or the motherboard is faulty.

Yakshcho є in the hijaco tank of the Blok Zhilnnya, Naviga Vin Menshi Potuzhnosti, then it is possible for the transfer of Timchasovo PIDKLICHITHI YOO, not a viima of the stagnant block of the living unit, but simply by the io -io iga components of the system unit.

From the life block to the motherboard, the life voltage is supplied to an additional 20 or 24 pin connector and a 4 or 6 pin connector. To ensure reliability, the roses are marked with pins.

In order to remove the discrepancy from the motherboard, you need to press the pins with your finger at the same time, reporting to the great zusilla, stealing from side to side, pulling out a part from the side.

To check the power supply unit, you need to completely turn off all the equipment, disconnect only the power supply from either a contact connector or a Serial ATA type connector, for example, a hard drive or a disk drive.

When we rose 20 contacts, then you need to unite each other 14 (wire green color, in some living blocks there can be series, POWER ON) and 15 (Conduct black color, GND).

When we rose 24 contacts, then you need to get together with each other 16 (green color, some life blocks may have a gray color, POWER ON) and 17 (black wire GND).

If the cooler is asking, it means that with great ease you can use the life-blood block. To ensure complete accuracy, it is necessary to check the unit on the same unit as another reference system unit, and test the motherboard in the mainboard.

If when you press the Start button and the computer does not show a sign of life when the power supply is applied to the system unit, then the power supply unit is definitely faulty and needs to be replaced or try to repair it with your own hands.

How to open the system unit

Before disassembling the system unit, it is absolutely necessary to unplug the cable from the socket that supplies the 220 V voltage, as long as it is inserted, the system unit will be under a voltage that is unsafe for human life. When carrying out any work on the system unit, it is necessary to first remove the live wire and insert it when the remaining one is connected. To gain access to the system unit, you must remove one of the original covers. Next you need to unscrew the two screws (the top ones in the photo) that secure the lid. Break the lid on yourself, come out of the sealed grooves, and the lid will come loose.

Visual indication of a malfunction of the system unit

After cleaning the system unit and the cooler is working normally, you need to carefully look at the motherboard and the cards inserted before it. I would like to pay special attention to the current appearance of the electrolytic capacitors. In most cases, the motherboard and the life block are connected to the output of electrolytic capacitors.

Such a capacitor consists of two bundles of aluminum foil, connected together through an insulating gasket, which is leaked with electrolyte. This roll is inserted into an aluminum cylinder and sealed. Depending on the skin, there are different degrees of change, one of which is added to a plus, and the other to a minus. Because of this, the electrolytic capacitor has a large capacity with small dimensions and is therefore called electrolytic.

When the insulation breaks down, thermal energy is released, the electrolyte boils and the pressure in the middle of the capacitor increases sharply. To protect against bulging, notches are cut from the end side of electrolytic capacitors. With greater pressure, there is a risk of swelling or rupture of the housing in the place of the notch, and behind this sign it is easy to find the capacitor that is safe. The main reason for the failure of capacitors is their overheating or excess of the permissible voltage.

The photo clearly shows that the end of the left capacitor is flat, and the end of the right one is swollen with traces of electrolyte leakage. Such a capacitor facilitates flexible replacement. On the motherboard, electrolytic capacitors most often go out of order on the +5 V supply bus, and they are installed with a small voltage reserve of only 6.3 V. tsyuga kharchuvannya +5 In buli zduti.

When replacing, I will install capacitors at a voltage of +5 V, at a voltage no less than 10 V, and at a voltage of +12 V at a voltage of 25 V. at the installation site. It is not difficult to replace the capacitor on the motherboard yourself.

Once they discovered and replaced the blown capacitors, they soon identified the cause of the unstable operation of the computer. You need to connect all the outlets and check their effectiveness. If the external appearance of the system unit parts is accessible to inspection without raising suspicion, it is necessary to check the capacitor unit of the living unit. You may end up doing yoga