In the event that the device fails to start and constantly encounters errors during boot, you should try to use the standard recovery tool. If it did not help or is not available, then you can try to fix the boot records using the command line. How to do this will be described in this article. This method can help when it comes to starting the OS itself.
Bootrec exe utility
The first step will be to use the standard utility for system recovery, which will have to be called from the console.
Unfortunately, additional steps are required to start the console. It will be necessary create recovery disc or a disk with a version for installing Windows. It is a good idea to have them always at hand, and not write them down urgently on another device or with friends.
For the seven, you will need to select the item " System Restore", And then launch the console. For the eight, the first point will remain unchanged, but then you will have to go to diagnostics, from there call extra optionsand only then start the console. 
In the window that appears, enter the command Bootrec.exe, after which a list of available actions will appear with all the necessary explanations. Each item will be discussed in more detail later.
Writing a new boot sector
The second command in this list will allow you to overwrite the current boot sector for the operating system that is currently available. Sector failures can occur for several reasons:
To fix all this, you just need to enter the fixboot command as shown in the picture.
Fixing MBR
This command, which is the first line, will correct the corresponding entries on the system hard disk. In fact, they responsible for order system boot, from which the BIOS learns what and in what sequence to boot. This operation can help in case errors occur:
You need to enter the fixmbr command as shown in the picture, and all these problems should disappear.
How to find all installed systems
There may be situations in which not all installed systems are available for loading. Performing the appropriate operation will allow check devicefor the presence of other installed operating systems, and with the help of the next section of the article, they can be added to this list. The required command is shown in the picture. 
Recreate BCD
Entering the corresponding operation / RebuildBcd after the initial command, it will allow to write all found operating systems and recovery tools to the Windows boot configuration file, which will allow them to be displayed on the next boot. 
It is clear from the article that many problems with starting the system can be solved independently, using the command line and just one utility. So you should try this option before you start to panic, rearrange the OS, or carry your computer for repair.
Or another disk storage device. (For a floppy disk, this is the first physical sector, for a hard disk, the first physical sector for each partition) When the computer is booted from a floppy disk, it is loaded into memory by the POST program (in IBM PC computers, usually from address 0000: 7c00), control is transferred to it with the long command jump.
The boot sector, sometimes called stage1, or the first stage of the operating system boot, loads the second stage program of the operating system stage2 ( secondary bootloader, sometimes the boot manager or authorization and access protection program is loaded as stage2). (In some operating systems, the stage1 role is played by the MBR and when booting the OS from the hard disk, the boot sector is not used. On non-bootable hard disk partitions, the boot sectors may also not contain the boot program)
see also
Links
- - an example of creating a boot sector
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See what "Boot sector" is in other dictionaries:
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Sector: Sector (Mortal Kombat. Sector in geometry is a part of a circle bounded by an arc and two radii connecting the ends of the arc to the center of the circle. Sector structural unit, department and some public or industrial organizations ... ... Wikipedia
This term has other meanings, see Sector. Disk sector is the minimum addressable unit of information storage on disk storage devices (HDD, floppy disk, CD). Part of a disc track. Most devices have ... ... Wikipedia
- (English Boot viruses) a computer virus that writes itself to the first sector of a floppy or hard disk and is executed when the computer boots. When you turn on or restart your computer, Boot virus replaces the boot code, and so ... ... Wikipedia
A computer virus that writes itself to the first sector of a floppy or hard disk and executes when the computer boots. In English: Boot sector virus See also: Computer viruses Finam Financial Dictionary ... Financial vocabulary
- (English master boot record, MBR) code and data necessary for the subsequent loading of the operating system and located in the first physical sectors (most often in the very first) on a hard disk or other storage device ... Wikipedia
This article should be wikified. Please arrange it according to the rules of article formatting ... Wikipedia
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Here is a chronological list of the emergence of some of the known computer viruses and worms, as well as events that had a serious impact on their development. Contents 1 2012 2 2011 3 2010 4 2009 ... Wikipedia
How to repair hdd boot sector
Almost every computer user faces the problem of hdd sector corruption. There can be a number of reasons for this, from improper shutdown of work and ending with deep penetration of the virus. There are many possible ways to restore the hdd boot sector and data on it (in some cases, information can be lost forever). Some options will be too difficult for ordinary PC users, and the worst thing is that incorrect actions can lead to this very process of irrecoverable data loss or global damage to the overall system. Therefore, the first rule before starting the restoration work is to try to reduce the number of impacts and especially incomprehensible and unverified manipulations. It is not recommended to delete, cut or copy anything. Each problem is individual, so you will need to check the sector on different software. There are a lot of all kinds of programs, the most popular are:
HDDScan;
Active File Recovery;
R-Studio;
Norton Partitionmagic;
Raxco;
EASEUS Partition Master.
And this, of course, is not all, but these programs most often cope with the task, and enjoy good reviews among users. Alas, and this is not always able to restore the hdd boot sector as soon as possible, problems may arise with determining the type of the file system, or the presence of this sector will not be visible.
Formatting media
This method is suitable for those who do not care about the information on the media and it is important to restore the hdd boot sector as soon as possible. After this procedure, in 80% of cases, work is fully restored. But this method is often resorted to in the most extreme cases, because data on disk still plays an important role for almost everyone, especially if it is a work computer.
Testdisk
If the user first encounters a problem and absolutely does not know how to restore the hdd2 boot sector, this utility can very quickly cope with the task. However, not without the participation of the user himself, it will be necessary to understand some points. The special complexity of the program is the English interface. With knowledge of technical words, the system will be understandable.
Let's consider this method point by point:
1) Find Create a new log file, if necessary, enter the log.
2) Next, you need to find the damaged media by describing its characteristics, for example: Disk / dev / sds - 160 GB, select it.
3) Next step, select partition type among Intel, Sun, Mac, etc.
4) After that, possible operations are opened that can be done with the disk. We choose Analyse.
5) Next comes the analysis of possible losses and general structure.
6) Selecting geometry on disk
7) The final steps in the "Master Boot Record" section are responsible for sector reboot. You need to select the damaged disk, then check the sectors, rewrite the MBD.
With the correct course of action, after a reboot, the disk should function again and at the same time have all its data in its previous form.
Second way to use on Windows
For various reasons, the first option may not work, and the question of how to restore your hdd3 boot sector remains open. To understand the recovery process itself, let's take a closer look at what MBR is.
MBR is the very first sector that occurs on a disk, it has a special table with partitions, and a boot program, it reads data and their path, starting from the hard disk and ending with the partition of the installed operating system.
Course of action:
1) First you need to turn on the computer and choose to boot from the installation disk or USB-drive, press any key and select "System Restore" in the Windows installation window, if a problem is found, press the fix and restart.
2) If this did not help the boot sector, reopen "system recovery" and select the "next" item, write bootrec / fixmbr in the command line. This command will make the master boot record compatible and solve the problem of its corruption. But nothing changes in the partition table.
3) We knock out the following command bootrec / fixboot, this action writes a new boot sector that will be compatible with Windows. We press "exit" and restart the computer.
All in all, this should work! But as practice shows, it is not so easy to restore the hdd boot sector, and for this case there are more methods and commands:
1) The bootrec / ScanOs command does a full scan and search for operating systems, if found, it will be visible on the screen.
2) bootrec / RebuildBcd is used to add the found Windows to the general boot menu, the combination of Y and enter will complete the add process.
If this also did not produce the desired effect, a command like bootsect / NT60 SYS on an individual case can restore the hdd boot sector by updating the main boot code. Then you need to click "exit" and restart your computer.
Of course, these are far from all existing methods and programs, so if these options did not help, it is reasonable to contact the computer forum, because many users are faced with this problem and tell each other how to act in order to reasonably restore the hdd boot sector, and not inflict it yet more harm. Boot sectors are quite a popular topic, if you google it becomes clear that situations with a broken bootloader can be very different, but almost always there is opposition to any action. Here are some more good and effective hard drive recovery programs:
MBRFix
Paragon hard disk
Hirlen's Boot
MBR (in Russian - Master Boot Record) is a specific set of data, lines of code, a partition table and signatures. It is required to load the Windows operating system after turning on the computer. There are times when, as a result of various hardware and system failures, the ICBM is damaged or erased, which leads to the inability to start Windows. Such problems can be solved by restoring the MBR boot record in Windows 7. This article discusses several simple ways that you can restore the records.
A bit of theory
After turning on the computer, the BIOS selects the storage medium from which it will boot. At this stage, the device needs to know which hard disk partition contains the Windows system files. MBR is a small program that is stored in the first sector of the HDD and tells the computer to the correct partition to start the system.
If you install the second operating system incorrectly, the partition table may become damaged and the first Windows will not start. The same thing sometimes happens when there is a sudden power outage. If this happens, do not despair, the damaged data can be completely restored.
Restoring the boot record
In order to restore the MBR, you will need the installation disk from which you installed Windows (or any other). If there is no disk, you can create a bootable USB flash drive with Win7. Algorithm of action:
Automatic recovery
To begin with, it is worth providing the MBR fix with standard Microsoft tools. Select Startup Repair. You do not need to do anything else, it will take some time, and the computer will report the completion of the process. Try starting Windows. If nothing happened, then you need to manually restore the ICBM.
Command line
This path requires several commands to be entered at the Windows command prompt.
- From the System Restore menu, select Command Prompt.
- Now you need to enter "bottrec / fixmbr". This command is used to write a new MBR compatible with Win 7. The command will remove non-standard parts of the code, fix the damage, but will not affect the existing partition table.
- Next enter "bootrec / fixboot". This command is used to create a new boot sector for Windows.
- Further "bootrec / nt60 sys". This command will update the MBR boot code.
- Close the console, restart your computer and try to start the system. If the problem is still not resolved, you need to enter a few more commands.
- Start the console again and enter "bootrec / Scanos" and "bootrec / rebuildbcd". Using these utilities, your computer will scan your hard drive for operating systems and then add them to the boot menu.
- Then enter "bootrec / nt60 sys" again and restart your computer.
TestDisk utility
If you do not have a bootable USB stick or disk, you can repair the damaged recording using a third-party program. To do this, you need to start another (working) OS. If your machine only had one Windows, you will have to connect the hard drive to another computer. Working with TestDisk is quite complex, so it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the guides specific to this program.
But with her there are problems. When a computer running this OS refuses to boot, it may be necessary to restore the CDM boot sector, from which the entire system is initialized and started.
If the problem is not related to user actions, as a rule, the built-in diagnostic tools of Windows 7 will be able to solve the problem on their own, just wait for a reboot after an unsuccessful start, in which you will be prompted to boot into the system restore tool and select the option to fix it yourself.
So, if you encounter the problems described at the beginning of this material, first of all, calm down, nothing terrible happened and everything can be fixed, since restoring the boot sector for a modern operating system is a regular procedure.
Your actions will differ depending on what exactly led to the inability to load into the "seven".
If you installed the WinXP operating system on top of Win7, then you should download the EasyBCD program. By running it in XP, you can restore the bootloader in a few simple steps and return it to the Windows 7 boot list.
If, for example, you installed Windows XP on top of Windows 7 and booted through EasyBCD, and then, for some reason, decided to demolish the XP partition on the CDM, then you have a more difficult situation. After removing XP, you also removed EasyBCD, which means that now the computer does not know how to load at least some OS.
To restore the Windows 7 boot sector, you will have to remember where you have the Win7 recovery disk (you certainly created it, right?) Or, if the answer is no, then we are looking for a disk It does not matter what you find, what is, then insert it into the drive ... Now you need to boot from the disk and enter the "System Restore" section. Using the Bootrec.exe utility, which is available on the installation disc and the Seven recovery disc, restoring the Win7 boot sector will not take much time.
When you select "System Restore", after a short wait, you will have options, most likely, it will be possible to restore only one OS - Windows 7. On the next screen below, you will see the "Command Prompt" option, click on it and a window will open in which will need to type several commands.
First you need to check if everything is in order with the Bootrec utility, to do this, type in bootrec and press the "Enter" key (Enter). Further, each command will need to be completed by pressing this key. A text describing the utility's capabilities appears.
In order to start recovering the boot sector, we type the command
If in response the computer writes that "Operation completed successfully" then everything is in order and the bootloader has been rewritten. You can go to the second part, we type the command
bootrec / fixboot
After you press enter, the computer will form a new boot sector, you can now type the command
After all these manipulations, you can enjoy the normal operation of your OS.
As you have seen, restoring the Windows 7 boot sector is a very simple procedure indeed.