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Despite the seeming simplicity of the device, the computer is the most complex system. Its most common chip, 10x10 mm in size, can perform a fantastic amount of computing operations, ensuring reliable and stable PC operation.
At the same time, if your computer does not have a processor, then you will not be able to use any of its capabilities.
The device simply won't boot. But how to determine what exactly is causing the breakdown? Is it really this element of the PC that is the cause of certain manifestations of problems? What if the processor is not working? We will talk about this today.
How to identify a breakdown?
Immediately, we draw your attention to the fact that if not all processor cores are working on your PC, this is not a guarantee of malfunction!
They can be simply disabled, in order to activate them, you need to find the appropriate options in the operating system.
But now that's not about that, let's analyze the characteristic signs that directly tell us that the processor is not working. There are three main ways to identify a problem:
- By means of sound signals;
- By inspecting the motherboard;
- By connecting the processor to another PC.
The first method is preferable because open up system unit not recommended unless you have the appropriate skills. It is important to know that the motherboard is equipped with a special speaker, and its software (BIOS) is capable of giving signals when a malfunction is detected.
However, if it does not work for you aMD processor or Intel, and depending on the motherboard manufacturer, the signals may differ. Therefore, be sure to arm yourself with instructions, where there are all the necessary decryptions.
If it is not possible to hear sound signals, it is necessary to open the system unit. If it doesn't work for you intel processor or AMD due to combustion, it will not be difficult to recognize the problem. Appearance the chip will immediately grab your attention. On it you may notice melting, darkening, smell burnt. 
The only way out in this situation is to replace the chip, and possibly the motherboard. If there is no visual damage, you can try connecting the processor to another PC, but you need to be very careful here!
A defective CPU can damage motherboard another computer, therefore it is strictly forbidden to leave a PC with a diagnosed chip turned on for a long time.
Sometimes there are situations in which, despite complete external serviceability and the absence of suspicious signals, the processor does not work. It seems that you have already made sure that there are no serious problems, but the computer stubbornly does not want to work correctly. Are you sure you haven't missed anything? This means, most likely, the problem lies in the lack of power supply to the chip, which is also quite common.
If your processor power is not working, then you need to find out the cause of such problems. As a rule, the following phenomena lead to them:
- Damage to the power supply;
- Problems with motherboard;
- Lack of proper contact between the PSU and the motherboard;
- Inattention of the PC owner.
The last point should be dwelled on in more detail, since such troubles often haunt users who repair and replace components on their own.
The new processor you just installed is not working?
Sometimes some instability is noticed in the computer. This can occur due to system failures occurring in the operating system. Indeed, some operating systems are not particularly stable. But this happens, as a rule, if the system was installed on the computer a long time ago. Under the influence of a "loopback" that remains in the registry due to incomplete uninstallation of applications or under the influence of viruses or due to the installation of software that does not correctly interact with the operating system, the system shell may "crumble". But what if the operating system has just been reinstalled and the instability remains? Unstable processor operation may very well be the reason for the failures. It is necessary to check this version, as this is one of the main reasons, one of the most common hardware problems. So what can be done.
First of all, we clean the inside of the case of the system unit. Then we reinstall operating system... If and after that computer work continues to remain unstable, then we use one of the following methods (you can do everything at once, but in turn)
Method 1 Attack in the forehead.
We download diagnostic software and use it to test processor operation , and along with the motherboard, video card, hard drive. Special programs, with the help of which you can make professional diagnostics, are usually paid, moreover, they are quite expensive. But, if there is an opportunity to borrow such a program, for example, from an acquaintance computer repairman, we can assume that half the job is done.
Method 2 Workaround.
We take out the processor from the socket and insert another one in its place. We observe the work of the computer. If after that computer work normalized - that's it, the reason is clear. Need to change CPU ... However, this method is only suitable if there is a place to get a processor that matches your motherboard. If there is nowhere to take such a processor, let's move on.
Method 3 Provocation.
There are a number of tasks, in the performance of which, the main burden falls on CPU ... One of these tasks is data archiving. You need to take a large and heavy file, you can use the movie library and start the archiving procedure using the usual archiver programs, WinRAR or ZIP. In this case, archiving will take several hours. The processor will work when the latter is fully loaded. At the exit, we should expect a normally zipped file. If this does not happen, the operating system will display an error message during archiving, or at the end of the procedure it will declare that it was not possible to complete the archiving, then, with a high degree of probability, it can be argued that the problem lies in processor .
From all that has been said above, it does not at all follow that it is time to immediately change the processor. There are a number of reasons why a fully functional processor is running unstable. This is mainly due to the processor temperature. There are many utilities that can be used to determine this. Normal for processor work the temperature can be considered from 50 to 70 degrees. If the value is regularly exceeded, action must be taken. An elevated computer temperature can be caused by: 
- Viruses in the operating system. Viruses increase the load on cPU up to the complete failure of the latter, since they consume a large amount of resources. Usually, cleaning with a scan or reinstalling the system helps in such cases.
- Problems in the cooling system. If the processor does not cool properly, it will stop working properly. The main reasons for cooling problems are the accumulation of dust in the radiator, as well as the breakdown of the cooler. First, we clean the radiator, if it doesn't help, go to the workshop. Attempts to fix the cooling system on your own often lead to the purchase of a new cooler.
In conclusion, I would like to note that it is always better to entrust the repair of such a delicate instrument as a computer to a specialist. It is not necessary to break something yourself during the repair, so that later, with a clear conscience, drag the system unit to the workshop. In addition, trying to fix one malfunction can easily disrupt another part. And to those who like to experiment can only be recommended - find out more about what you are going to do. Anyway, shop
An unpleasant situation when after pressing power buttons the computer does not turn on, can happen to any user.
The reasons for this behavior of the system can be different. But do not panic, many of them can be eliminated on your own or by contacting specialists.
Reasons and solutions
If, when you turn on the computer, it does not show signs of life, does not start or does not load the operating system, in general, the reasons for this can be very different.
Let's consider the most common problems that lead to the inability to turn on the computer:
- power problems;
- malfunction of the power supply;
- cMOS battery problems;
- problems with components;
- broken power button;
- malfunction of the motherboard.
Some of these problems are easy to diagnose and fix at home, while others will have to be handled service center... In any case, it will be useful to try to fix the problem yourself.
Problems with 220V
Very often users, due to their carelessness, face elementary problems. First of all, don't panic ahead of time. First you need to see what happened. If the fans do not spin, the indicators do not light up, then it is necessary to check the presence of power.
You can check that the PC is receiving electricity by following a few simple steps:
- make sure there is power in the outlet;
- check the connection of the surge protector to the outlet and its operation, for example, by plugging in another device;
- make sure the power cord is properly connected to the system unit and the outlet.
In the variant when the situation failed to eliminate the problem by simply checking the PC connection, then we look for the malfunction further.
Power supply defective
Problems with turning on the PC quite often arise due to faulty unit nutrition. Such a malfunction occurs due to voltage surges, which are not uncommon in our networks.
Consider the main signs indicating a malfunction of the power supply:
- when you press the power button, the computer does not respond at all;
- lights come on but nothing starts.
In any case, it is possible to determine whether the power supply unit is to blame for the situation only by installing another one that is known to be working properly. In many cases, if this component fails, you will also have to replace the motherboard or send it for expensive repairs.
Video: What to do if it does not turn on
Battery does not work
There is a small CR-2032 battery on the motherboard inside the system unit. It is responsible for storing the settings of the basic PC I / O system. The battery life is long enough.
But in some cases it fails after a couple of years, and various problems appear with the clock and switching on. In this case, you just need to replace it.
Consider how a battery discharge usually manifests itselfCMOS:
- the computer does not turn on at all;
- start occurs after several clicks on the power button;
- clock failures;
- arbitrary turning on of the PC when power is applied;
- reboots without prompting the user.
In fact, the appearance may vary slightly depending on the system configuration and other external factors. You can buy the battery you need to replace it at computer, hardware and other stores.
Dust
A fairly common cause of problems with starting a computer is its dustiness. Failure in this case can manifest itself in different ways from stopping the system to an arbitrary shutdown or inability to start.
The procedure for cleaning the system unit:
- turn off the power and unplug all cords;
- open the cover of the system unit;
- remove dust, for example with a brush;
- clear contacts random access memory, video cards and other components;
- check fans for jamming;
- if necessary, perform preventive maintenance by replacing the thermal paste.
Component problems
Failure of individual components of the PC can also lead to the inability to start it. In this case, it is quite difficult to diagnose the malfunction at home on your own. In some embodiments, system startup signals can help identify the problem.
In this case, you need to know the manufacturer of the BIOS. In addition, a description of the power-on signals can be found in the instructions for the motherboard. Most often, a squeak can indicate a problem with the RAM or video card.
You can eliminate the malfunction by replacing the components with serviceable ones, but before that it is recommended to try to clean the contacts with a regular school eraser. In some cases, this method is very helpful.
Power button
The reason why the PC cannot be started from the button may lie in the switch itself. Simply put, it may not fully close the contacts. You can check the problem yourself by closing the corresponding pair of contacts on the motherboard with a screwdriver.
Attention! It is recommended to close contacts on their own only to those who are confident in their actions and have the necessary knowledge. The rest are better off seeking help from specialists.
Motherboard
It is possible to determine the malfunction of the motherboard or system board yourself with high accuracy only by replacing all other components with serviceable ones. In rare cases, BIOS signals will help in diagnostics.
Most often, when such a problem occurs, the fans turn on and work, but there is no image display and another reaction of the PC to user actions. In most cases, it makes no sense to repair the motherboard, since the cost of work can exceed the price of a new part in the store.
Note. Often, problems with the motherboard are mistakenly described as a malfunction, I turn on the computer, but the monitor does not turn on. There is confusion between monitor problems and no video signal. It is easy to check the operation of the monitor by disconnecting the signal cable from the system unit and looking for the manufacturer's splash screen.
The computer does not turn on
The computer can stop turning on for a variety of reasons. But among them, the most common ones can be distinguished. Some of them can be eliminated by the PC owner himself without contacting a service center, but first of all, it is necessary to establish the cause of the malfunction.
Let's take a look at the most common problems that might prevent your computer from turning on:
- video card defect;
- problems after the processor;
- problems after cleaning;
- crashes after hibernation;
- incorrect operation after replacing parts.
With video card
Video card problems are easy to diagnose. First of all, including the computer, and the monitor does not turn on, the fans will mostly spin.
When installing a working video card, the image usually appears. Owners of motherboards with integrated video can also use it to test the functionality of the video adapter.
Most video cards fail due to poor cooling, for example, with a large dusty system unit or a broken cooler. Therefore, during prevention, it is necessary to pay special attention to removing dust and checking the fan on the video card.
After replacing the processor
After replacing the processor, users often encounter the inability to turn on the computer. Usually this problem is easy to fix.
Let's consider the main steps that need to be performed if the PC stops turning on after replacing the processor:
- check the compatibility of the motherboard and the new processor;
- throw off bIOS settings;
- clean up contacts;
- make sure all components are installed correctly.
Advice . In addition, the signals emitted by the system speaker can help with diagnosis.
After a power surge
Power surges can damage many components in your PC. As a preventive measure, it is recommended to connect the computer to the power supply using high-quality stabilizers.
The most common components that fail during power surges are:
- power Supply;
It is worth noting that several components can be damaged at once, and not necessarily from the above list.
After cleaning
Many users, deciding to clean the system unit from dust for the first time, are faced with the inability to start the PC after reassembly. In this case, there may be quite simple reasons or components may fail.
Actions to be performed if the PC does not start after cleaning:
- check the cable connections;
- make sure that the power supply connectors are properly and tightly connected to the motherboard;
- check the installation of RAM and video card;
- if the cooling system was removed, then you need to make sure that it was installed correctly and there is a sufficient amount of thermal paste;
- make sure that the remaining boards and devices are connected correctly ( hard disk, drive, etc.);
- reset BIOS settings using a jumper or by removing the battery for a few minutes.
After hibernation
Hibernation is designed primarily to reduce the power consumption of notebook computers and maximize battery life. When you turn off the PC in this way, all data is saved on the hard disk. Some systems cannot turn on after entering this mode.
You can start the computer by disconnecting the power supply from the mains for a few minutes and then turning it on again. This may cause the operating system to stop starting. We'll have to use System Restore.
After replacing the motherboard
Some PC owners are forced to replace the motherboard due to the fact that the old one is out of order. It is important to make sure of compatibility new board with the rest of the components, and also carry out the installation correctly. Even so, problems can occur.
Consider the basic steps if the computer does not start after replacing the motherboard:
- check the connection of the power supply and the installation of additional boards;
- temporarily disable hDD other external devices, without which start is possible;
- make sure that the RAM is installed correctly, clean the contacts on the modules;
- try starting the board without installed RAM and video card and check for signals through the speaker;
- successively replace the power supply, RAM, video card, processor with a known working one.
If the PC does not start after all these actions, then it is recommended to contact the service to check the functionality of the motherboard.
After update
During the installation of some updates, the operating system may become malfunctioning and as a result, the PC stops starting. For a solution, you will have to use System Restore.
Running System Restore inWindows 7:
The system will then try to fix startup problems on its own. If the problem persists, you can try reinstalling Windows.
When replacing RAM
Problems after replacing RAM are rare. First, make sure to select compatible modules.
Consider the steps to take if the PC stops starting after replacing the RAM:
- check if the module is installed correctly;
- try to start the system using only one module;
- clean contacts;
- perform a test start of the system with a known good module.
The computer turns on but
In some cases, the computer turns on, the fans start, but the operating system does not load or there is no image on the screen. There are many reasons for this behavior of computers.
Is not downloading
If the computer turns on, but Windows does not load, then you need to look for the problem in it. This behavior occurs when a failed update, incorrect installation of programs, or simply due to a malfunction.
You can try to fix the problem with loading the operating system in the following ways:
- start the computer in safe mode and try to roll back to one of the previous restore points;
- use OS recovery tools;
- scan for viruses using special bootable disks;
- reinstall Windows.
It should be noted that in some cases the inability to start the operating system may be due to a hardware malfunction. Then you can try using specialized utilities for testing HDD and RAM or contact the service center.
No picture
In some cases, the computer starts up, but there is no image. At the same time, all the fans are turned on, the hard drive can be heard, and sometimes Windows even starts, which is audible by the characteristic sound. This problem is mostly hardware-based.
You can try to fix many of them yourself, using the tips from this article. If all else fails, you will have to seek help from specialists.